GABA-A Receptor Modulation and Anticonvulsant, Anxiolytic, and Antidepressant Activities of Constituents from Artemisia indica Linn

Figure 5

Effect of carnosol, oleanolic acid, ursolic acid, and diazepam on the behavior of mice in the light dark box test. (a) Time spent in lit area (left panel) and number of transitions (right panel), recorded over a session of 5 min, after 20 min of an i.p. injection of carnosol (1, 10, 30, and 100 mg/kg), diazepam (0.5, 1, and 3 mg/kg), or vehicle. (b) Time spent in lit area (left panel) and number of transitions (right panel), recorded over a session of 5 min, after 20 min of an i.p. injection of oleanolic acid (1, 10, 30, and 100 mg/kg), diazepam (0.5, 1, and 3 mg/kg), or vehicle. (c) Time spent in lit area (left panel) and number of transitions (right panel), recorded over a session of 5 min, after 20 min of an i.p. injection of ursolic acid (1, 10, 30, and 100 mg/kg), diazepam (0.5, 1, and 3 mg/kg), or vehicle. Values are expressed as mean ± SEM (/group). , , and compared with vehicle group using one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s test.

(a)  

(b)

(c)