Sequential Treatments with Tongsai and Bufei Yishen Granules Reduce Inflammation and Improve Pulmonary Function in Acute Exacerbation-Risk Window of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Rats

Figure 4

Changes in peak expiratory flow (PEF) (a) and forced vital capacity (FVC) (b), forced expiratory volume at 0.3 s (FEV0.3) (c), and FEV0.3/FVC (d) in rats treated with sequential/nonsequential treatments. Panels (a1)–(a4) from panel (a) indicate the comparisons of the sequential and nonsequential treatments with traditional Chinese medicine, Western medicine, or integrated medicines, respectively. AE: acute exacerbation; BYG: Bufei Yishen Granule; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; MXF: moxifloxacin; NS: normal saline; RW: risk window; TSG: Tongsai Granule; STL: salbutamol. . Repetitive measurement deviation analysis of PEF: . , versus Control group; , versus COPD group; , versus AECOPD group; , versus TSG/NS group; , versus MXF+STL/NS group. Bacterial challenge was performed on the 6th day of week 9.

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