Chamaecyparis obtusa Suppresses Virulence Genes in Streptococcus mutans

Figure 4

Bactericidal effect of C. obtusa essential oil. Cultured S. mutans was treated with C. obtusa extract (0.2–1.6 mg/mL) and stained with LIVE/DEAD® BacLight™ Bacterial Viability Kit. The stained bacteria were observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Treatment with C. obtusa decreased green-labeled living bacteria (SYTO® 9 stain) and increased red-labeled dead bacteria (PI stain) in a dose-dependent manner. (a) Control; (b) 0.2 mg/mL; (c) 0.4 mg/mL; (d) 0.8 mg/mL; (e) 1.6 mg/mL; and (f) positive control (0.1% NaF). Bar = 100 μm.

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