Supercritical Fluid Extract of Spent Coffee Grounds Attenuates Melanogenesis through Downregulation of the PKA, PI3K/Akt, and MAPK Signaling Pathways

Figure 5

The inhibitory effects of linoleic acid and oleic acid on melanogenesis. ((a), (b)) The effects of linoleic acid (a) and oleic acid (b) on melanin content in B16F10 cells. ((c), (d)) The effects of linoleic acid (c) and oleic acid (d) on tyrosinase activity in B16F10 cells. The results are presented as percentages of the control, and the data are presented as the mean ± SD of three separate experiments. The values are significantly different compared with the control. ≤ 0.05; ; .

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