Research Article
Flavonoids Extraction from Propolis Attenuates Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophy through PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway
Figure 3
Cardiac hypertrophy is reduced in mice treated by FP. Intragastric injection of FP (25 mg·kg−1·d−1) for 7 days followed by continuous infusion with isoproterenol (ISO, 25 mg·kg−1·d−1) for 7 days was sued to experimentally induce heart hypertrophy. (a) Animals were euthanized and the hearts were removed for hypertrophic evaluation. A comparison of HW (g) and HW/BW ratios (mg/g) for the animals is shown. (b) Representative histological sections of hearts stained with H&E. (c) Magnified images of histological sections in (b) used to determine CM cross-sectional area. (d) Quantification of CM cross-sectional area in the left ventricular wall. (e) mRNA expression and plasma protein levels of the hypertrophy marker ANF. The results are expressed as the means ± SE; mice per group ( compared to the control group; compared to the isoproterenol group).
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