Parasite Killing of Leishmania (V) braziliensis by Standardized Propolis Extracts

Figure 7

Evaluation of viability of promastigotes recovered from L. (V) braziliensis-infected macrophages. Human (a) and murine (b) macrophages infected for 24 h with L. braziliensis, treated with medium alone or with dry, alcoholic, or glycolic extracts of propolis (10, 50, and 100 μg/mL) for 48 h. Amphotericin B (0.25 μg/mL) was used as a positive control. Bars represent means ± SD of two representative experiments performed using cells from six healthy human donors or in quintuplicate for murine cells. Kruskal–Wallis nonparametric test, followed by Dunn’s posttest, was used to compare among experimental groups (, , and ).

(a)

(b)