Effect of Tai Chi Training on Dual-Tasking Performance That Involves Stepping Down among Stroke Survivors: A Pilot Study

Table 2

Demographic and clinical characteristics of the subjects.

	Tai Chi; ()	Conventional exercise; ()	Control; ()	value
Age (year)	63.9 ± 6.1	63.2 ± 9.7	63.2 ± 6.0	0.975
Gender (male : female)	5 : 4	3 : 2	4 : 5	0.827
Height (cm)	161.4 ± 5.2	160.4 ± 5.4	162.6 ± 8.2	0.836
Weight (kg)	59.6 ± 4.5	57.4 ± 12.3	61.7 ± 16.8	0.821
Education (year)	8.4 ± 2.1	9.7 ± 3.2	10.3 ± 4.7	0.624
MMSE score	29.2 ± 0.4	27.0 ± 1.9	27.3 ± 2.7	0.074
BBS score	51.0 ± 2.9	50.3 ± 3.2	54.2 ± 1.7	0.074
Functional reach (cm)	23.9 ± 3.7	23.9 ± 8.3	32.1 ± 9.0	0.133
TUGT (sec)	14.5 ± 4.6	12.2 ± 2.1	12.3 ± 5.1	0.661
Outdoor walking aid (unaided : stick)	3 : 6	3 : 2	4 : 5	0.626
Chronicity (year)	3.3 ± 3.0	8.8 ± 7.9	4.6 ± 3.0	0.103
Number of strokes
1	7	5	8	0.485
2	2	0	1
Type of stroke (ischemic : hemorrhage : mixed)	7 : 1 : 1	2 : 3 : 0	8 : 1 : 0	0.140
Side of stroke (right : left)	5 : 4	3 : 2	8 : 7	0.254
Attendance (%)	94.0 ± 7.6	78.3 ± 20.7	N/A	0.091
Self-practice during the intervention period (min/week)	67.5 ± 44.2	145.1 ± 114.7	N/A	0.090
Self-practice during the follow-up period (min/week)	58.0 ± 52.2	10.0 ± 17.3	N/A	0.184

Values are in mean ± SD. MMSE: Mini-Mental Status Examination (Cantonese version); BBS: Berg Balance Scale; TUGT: Timed Up-and-Go Test.