Effect of Lifestyle Factors on Hypertension by Constitution Type: A Large Community-Based Study

Table 1

Prevalence of lifestyle factors and hypertension by Sasang constitution types.

		So-Eum	So-Yang	Tae-Eum	Total	value
Age	<55	219 (21.6)	335 (22.8)	718 (21.6)	1,272 (22.0)	0.7773
	≥55, <65	413 (41.1)	580 (39.5)	1,375 (41.4)	2,368 (40.9)
	≥65	373 (37.1)	554 (37.7)	1,226 (36.9)	2,153 (37.2)
Sex	Male	390 (38.8)	713 (48.5)	1,587 (47.8)	2,690 (46.4)	<0.001
	Female	615 (61.2)	756 (51.5)	1,732 (52.2)	3,103 (53.6)
Smoker	Current	154 (15.3)	207 (14.1)	390 (11.8)	751 (13.0)	<0.001
	Former	152 (15.1)	371 (25.3)	848 (25.5)	1,371 (23.7)
	Never	699 (69.6)	891 (60.7)	2,081 (62.7)	3,671 (63.4)
BMI (kg/m2)	<23	936 (93.1)	741 (50.4)	172 (5.2)	1,849 (31.9)	<0.001
	≥23, <25	69 (6.9)	613 (41.7)	855 (25.8)	1,537 (26.5)
	≥25	0 (0.0)	115 (7.8)	2,292 (69.0)	2,407 (41.6)
Alcohol consumption (g/day)	<5	780 (77.6)	1,005 (68.4)	2,206 (66.5)	3,991 (68.9)	<0.001
	≥5, <15	83 (8.3)	160 (10.9)	408 (12.3)	651 (11.2)
	≥15	142 (14.1)	304 (20.7)	705 (21.2)	1,151 (19.9)
Physical activity (MET minutes/week)	0	321 (31.9)	394 (26.8)	1,016 (30.6)	1,731 (29.9)	<0.001
	>0, <500	209 (20.8)	261 (17.8)	688 (20.7)	1,158 (20.0)
	≥500	475 (47.3)	814 (55.4)	1,615 (48.7)	2,904 (50.1)
Total lifestyle score	0	2 (0.2)	18 (1.2)	95 (2.9)	115 (2.0)	<0.001
	1	31 (3.1)	135 (9.2)	441 (13.3)	607 (10.5)
	2	134 (13.3)	314 (21.4)	978 (29.5)	1,426 (24.6)
	3	298 (29.7)	464 (31.4)	1,212 (36.5)	1,971 (34.0)
	4	374 (37.2)	375 (25.5)	573 (17.3)	1,322 (22.8)
	5	166 (16.5)	166 (11.3)	20 (0.6)	352 (6.1)
	Mean ± SD	3.50 ± 1.03	3.05 ± 1.18	2.54 ± 1.03	2.83 ± 1.13	<0.001
Lifestyle	Unhealthy	167 (16.6)	467 (31.8)	1,514 (45.6)	2,148 (37.1)	<0.001
	Healthy	838 (83.4)	1,002 (68.2)	1,805 (54.4)	3,645 (62.9)
Hypertension	No	695 (69.2)	885 (60.2)	1,544 (46.5)	3,124 (53.9)	<0.001
	Yes	310 (30.8)	584 (39.8)	1,775 (53.5)	2,669 (46.1)
Total		1,005 (17.3)	1,469 (25.4)	3,319 (57.3)	5,793 (100)

BMI: body mass index, SD: standard deviation, and MET: metabolic equivalents. Data presented as n (%).