An Updated Comprehensive Review of Plants and Herbal Compounds with Antiasthmatic Effect

Figure 2

Factors involved in asthma induction (left) and the signs and symptoms of disease (middle), along with the mechanisms of antiasthmatic effects of plants or their compounds (right). GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease), AHR (airway hyperresponsiveness), ROS (reactive oxygen species), and RNS (reactive nitrogen species).