Table 2: Relative frequencies, depression rates, and standard errors for different groups, by gender* (%).

Variables Categories Men (47.88%) Women (52.12%) Rel. freq.** Dep. rate Std. Error Rel. freq.** Dep. rate Std. Error Average family income (R$ in 2008) 1° decile 3.10 0.12 8.26 0.18 2° decile 3.51 0.13 9.70 0.19 3° decile 3.88 0.14 9.92 0.20 4° decile 3.89 0.14 9.98 0.20 5° decile 3.69 0.13 10.53 0.21 6° decile 4.12 0.14 10.67 0.21 7° decile 3.91 0.14 10.66 0.21 8° decile 3.92 0.13 10.41 0.21 9° decile 3.91 0.14 9.52 0.20 10° decile 3.59 0.13 8.32 0.19 Years of schooling 0 or <1 13.22 4.40 0.12 12.22 11.38 0.19 1–3 13.70 3.85 0.11 13.18 12.17 0.19 4–7 28.61 4.06 0.08 27.53 11.41 0.13 8–10 14.42 3.70 0.11 13.79 9.34 0.17 11–14 22.07 3.18 0.08 24.28 7.32 0.11 ≥15 7.98 3.16 0.14 8.99 6.66 0.18 Age 25–29 17.29 2.04 0.07 16.52 4.96 0.11 30–34 16.14 2.61 0.09 15.80 7.16 0.14 35–39 15.19 3.18 0.10 14.95 8.77 0.15 40–44 14.20 3.93 0.12 14.15 10.38 0.17 45–49 12.06 4.50 0.13 12.21 12.14 0.20 50–54 10.05 5.12 0.15 10.22 13.15 0.23 55–59 7.84 5.71 0.19 8.23 13.74 0.26 60–65 7.23 6.05 0.20 7.92 14.07 0.27 Color White 52.49 4.21 0.06 54.31 10.64 0.09 Black 7.08 2.95 0.14 6.58 8.70 0.23 Mulatto 39.86 3.32 0.06 38.51 8.88 0.09 Asian 0.58 2.95 0.55 0.60 5.14 0.67 Married Yes 74.64 3.46 0.05 67.16 9.10 0.08 No 25.36 4.65 0.09 32.84 11.24 0.12 Has children Yes 61.64 3.31 0.05 69.74 9.50 0.07 No 38.36 4.47 0.07 30.26 10.49 0.12 Position within the family Head 76.85 3.73 0.05 25.46 13.07 0.1 Others 23.15 3.87 0.09 74.54 8.68 0.07 Number of family members 1 4.80 6.33 0.24 3.43 17.05 0.44 2 15.85 4.62 0.12 19.18 11.71 0.16 3 25.87 3.61 0.08 26.63 10.06 0.13 4 28.03 3.35 0.08 26.92 8.73 0.12 5 14.55 3.33 0.10 13.74 8.45 0.16 6 5.99 3.43 0.17 5.60 8.19 0.24 ≥7 4.90 3.24 0.17 4.49 7.17 0.25 Region Northern 5.82 2.45 0.11 5.55 6.60 0.17 Southern 16.12 5.10 0.12 15.82 13.57 0.18 Southeastern 44.86 3.90 0.07 45.45 10.04 0.11 Northeastern 25.84 3.01 0.07 25.99 7.60 0.10 Midwestern 7.36 3.61 0.11 7.19 10.43 0.18 Residence Urban 82.83 3.91 0.05 85.49 10.05 0.07 Rural 17.17 3.01 0.10 14.51 8.34 0.15 Has a chronic Yes 36.74 7.29 0.10 46.21 16.25 0.12 physical condition No 63.26 1.70 0.04 53.79 4.26 0.06 Year 1998 28.46 4.78 0.09 28.23 11.32 0.12 2003 33.26 3.35 0.07 33.29 9.56 0.11 2008 38.27 3.35 0.07 38.49 8.90 0.10

Source: Data from the selected sample. Notes: *The number of observations for men is 239,776 and for women, 262,169; **percentage relative frequencies of observations within each category.