Table 4:
Determinants of permissiveness in 1996.
Probit models
Linear Regression
1
2
3
4
Willingness to justify
Claiming government benefits to which you are not entitled
Avoiding a fare on public transport
Cheating on taxes if you have a chance
Someone accepting a bribe in the course of their duties
Probability of being permissive
3.61%
6.81%
3.60%
1.51%
Man
0.007
−0.014
0.009
0.002
−0.014
(0.014)
(0.018)
(0.014)
(0.009)
(0.068)
Age
−0.001**
−0.002***
−0.001
−0.002***
−0.008***
(0.000)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.000)
(0.003)
Incomplete secondary
0.002
−0.014
0.008
0.021
0.065
(0.018)
(0.022)
(0.020)
(0.020)
(0.124)
Complete secondary
−0.024*
−0.036*
−0.017
−0.011
−0.144
(0.013)
(0.020)
(0.016)
(0.010)
(0.102)
University
−0.023
−0.047**
−0.004
−0.030**
−0.140***
(0.016)
(0.020)
(0.021)
(0.012)
(0.038)
Single
0.099**
0.010
0.053
0.040
0.246
(0.057)
(0.034)
(0.045)
(0.042)
(0.156)
Married
−0.013
−0.042**
−0.006
0.003
−0.109
(0.016)
(0.022)
(0.016)
(0.011)
(0.077)
No children
−0.037**
0.003
−0.022
−0.008
−0.070
(0.015)
(0.029)
(0.019)
(0.013)
(0.102)
One child
−0.001
0.003
0.027
−0.002
0.068
(0.017)
(0.024)
(0.022)
(0.012)
(0.092)
Attendance
−0.019
−0.016
−0.024*
−0.025*
−0.205**
(0.014)
(0.024)
(0.014)
(0.014)
(0.082)
God
−0.004*
−0.006*
0.003
−0.001
0.003
(0.002)
(0.003)
(0.002)
(0.001)
(0.011)
Unemployed
−0.022
−0.002
−0.003
0.006
0.074
(0.014)
(0.035)
(0.022)
(0.020)
(0.188)
Full time
−0.019
0.002
−0.016
−0.005
−0.061
(0.013)
(0.035)
(0.013)
(0.009)
(0.078)
Income
0.000
0.000
0.003
0.000
0.004
(0.003)
(0.004)
(0.003)
(0.002)
(0.016)
Patriotism
−0.008
−0.011
−0.017**
−0.004**
−0.125*
(0.010)
(0.013)
(0.009)
(0.007)
(0.057)
Centre
0.003
0.007
0.011
−0.004
−0.030
(0.015)
(0.019)
(0.015)
(0.009)
(0.086)
Right
−0.010
−0.039**
−0.026*
−0.010*
−0.201*
(0.015)
(0.020)
(0.014)
(0.009)
(0.080)
Montevideo
−0.007
0.012
0.004
−0.011
0.060
(0.013)
(0.018)
(0.013)
(0.010)
(0.066)
Observations
884
884
884
884
884
Pseudo
R
-squared
0.08
0.10
0.09
0.08
R
-squared
0.08
Notes: (1) robust standard errors in parentheses.
(2) *significant at 10%; **significant at 5%; ***significant at 1%.