Joint Estimation of the Characteristics and Intensity of Poverty in Spain: The Case of Imputed Rent

Table 6

Estimation results for Heckman’s model.

Variable	Without IMRENT	With IMRENT	Sign
Selection equation
Number of members	.0395 (79.13)	.1567 (294.62)	(+)
Cantabria	−.1850 (48.82)	−.2409 (56.81)	(−)
Basque Country	−.2554 (120.74)	−.2089 (87.24)	(−)
Navarre	−.6135 (139.49)	−.6333 (125.83)	(−)
Madrid	−.2631 (169.94)	−.4198 (228.99)	(−)
Catalonia	−.2224 (159.27)	−.2376 (152.12)	(−)
Aragón	−.2886 (111.52)	−.2576 (90.66)	(−)
Asturias	−.2415 (89.42)	−.1821 (61.22)	(−)
Balearic Islands	−.1768 (64.57)	−.3566 (112.96)	(−)
Extremadura	.4146 (169.17)	.4761 (190.61)	(+)
Castilla and León	.1034 (58.90)	.1149 (60.32)	(+)
Castilla-La Mancha	.3156 (159.68)	.2467 (117.72)	(+)
Andalucía	.2415 (192.13)	.1760 (127.79)	(+)
Canary Islands	.2800 (143.58)	.3042 (147.75)	(+)
Murcia	.1367 (58.71)	.0132 (5.11)	(+)
Ceuta and Melilla	.1325 (18.34)	.2371 (31.36)	(+)
Densely populated	−.0972 (88.60)	−.0581 (47.18)	(−)
Sparsely populated	.1609 (140.37)	.3288 (262.58)	(+)
All nonworking	.6381 (343.51)	.4714 (236.83)	(+)
All working	−.1082 (72.86)	−.1160 (74.98)	(−)
All unemployed	.9524 (389.43)	.8409 (333.21)	(+)
Man younger than 30	−.2491 (52.00)	−.3051 (56.06)	(−)
Man older than 65	.2749(100.19)	−.3210(88.03)	(+)/(−)
Woman younger than 30	.7842 (134.80)	.6668 (105.91)	(+)
Woman older than 65	.6364(344.16)	−.1534(66.19)	(+)/(−)
2 adults one of them older than 65	.0578 (39.42)	.1644 (100.74)	(+)
2 adults with children	.3733 (313.48)	.3034 (242.23)	(+)
1 adult with 1 child	.5217 (177.81)	.6217 (204.75)	(+)
House ownership	−.2327 (155.05)	−.9925 (695.55)	(−)
House with mortgage	−.5052 (312.98)	−1.2454 (806.08)	(−)
Other type of rented house	.0836(47.09)	−.6043(347.93)	(+)/(−)
Constant	−1.094 (406.68)	−.9215 (334.82)	(−)
Truncatedregression
Number of members	78.62 (71.95)	146.18 (109.82)	(+)
Cantabria	−248.69 (27.60)	---	(−)/
Basque Country	133.06 (25.46)	398.96 (55.64)	(+)
Navarre	−501.97(41.78)	99.20(6.26)	(−)/(+)
Madrid	−49.01(13.02)	653.82(124.04)	(−)/(+)
Catalonia	−.37.67(11.39)	285.38(66.05)	(−)/(+)
Aragón	135.60 (22.13)	436.24 (54.88)	(+)
Asturias	−185.33 (29.12)	−40.17 (4.90)	(+)/
Balearic Islands	---	347.56 (38.62)	(+)
Extremadura	49.64(10.33)	−242.30(42.43)	(+)/(−)
Castilla and León	160.36 (42.65)	340.25 (68.19)	(+)
Castilla-La Mancha	−42.02 (10.21)	−157.18 (30.15)	(−)
Andalucía	−47.81 (17.22)	−52.82 (14.76)	(−)
Canary Islands	139.67 (33.41)	−232.03 (45.42)	(−)
Murcia	109.33 (22.46)	429.94 (64.58)	(+)
Ceuta and Melilla	724.58 (48.74)	585.40 (34.01)	(+)
Densely populated	−84.95 (34.13)	−122.72 (36.47)	(−)
Sparsely populated	−43.30 (16.87)	−144.08 (42.46)	(−)
All nonworking	−319.65 (64.30)	−288.04 (55.97)	(−)
All working	−214.82(60.31)	30.94(7.64)	(−)/(+)
All unemployed	325.87 (54.72)	145.41 (24.77)	(+)
Man younger than 30	1373.67 (106.76)	1473.70 (91.70)	(+)
Man older than 65	−827.46(153.48)	92.70(8.89)	(−)/(+)
Woman younger than 30	1278.79 (107.36)	1197.24 (79.77)	(+)
Woman older than 65	−762.28 (176.80)	−251.12 (40.51)	(−)
2 adults one of them older than 65	−339.96 (106.59)	−548.93 (130.16)	(−)
2 adults with children	−286.29 (89.77)	−349.29 (104.01)	(−)
1 adult 1 child	796.88 (126.74)	117.28 (16.70)	(+)
House ownership	−54.00 (23.30)	−229.57 (80.61)	(−)
House with mortgage	---	---
Other type of rented house	126.81(38.88)	−22.01(6.23)	(+)/(−)
Constant	2334.06 (201.97)	3298.26 (360.24)	(+)
Wald test χ ^2 (29)	333865.82	228470.60
athrho	−.0176 (4.97)	−5890 (314.31)
lnsigma	7.3121 (18326.31)	7.4878 (9054.02)
Wald test of independent equations (rho=0) χ ^2 (1) =	23.91	76741.79

T-ratios within parenthesis. All the estimates are significant at 99%.