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| Variable | Definition |
|
| Dependent variables | |
| Outpatient services | Dummy variable = 1 if respondent received outpatient care, otherwise = 0 |
| Number of outpatient services | The number of times outpatient care received per respondent |
| Inpatient services | Dummy variable = 1 if respondent received inpatient care, otherwise = 0 |
| Number of inpatient services | The number of times inpatient care received per respondent |
|
| Independent variables | |
| Additive Factor | |
| Drinking every week and deep drunk | Dummy variable = 1 if respondent drinks every week and gets drunk, otherwise = 0 |
| Former smoker | Dummy variable = 1 if respondent smokes at least 20 cigarettes every day, otherwise = 0 |
| Chewing betel nut | Dummy variable = 1 if respondent chews betel nut at least one or two days per week, otherwise = 0 |
| No addictive factors | Dummy variable = 1 if respondent is without addictive factors, otherwise = 0 |
|
| Socio-demographic variables | |
| Male | Dummy variable = 1 if respondent is male, otherwise = 0 |
| Age (year) | |
| 12–20 | (Respondent’s age in this range is the reference category) |
| 21–35 | Dummy variable = 1 if respondent’s age is in this range, otherwise = 0 |
| 36–50 | Dummy variable = 1 if respondent’s age is in this range, otherwise = 0 |
| 51–64 | Dummy variable = 1 if respondent’s age is in this range, otherwise = 0 |
| Married | Dummy variable = 1 if respondent has married, otherwise = 0 |
| Education level | |
| Primary school and below | Dummy variable = 1 if respondent finished primary school and below, otherwise = 0 |
| Junior high | Dummy variable = 1 if respondent finished junior high school, otherwise = 0 |
| Senior high | Dummy variable = 1 if respondent finished senior high school, otherwise = 0 |
| College and above | (College and above is the reference category) |
| Individual monthly income | |
| NT $ 0 | Dummy variable = 1 if individual’s monthly income is in this range, otherwise = 0 |
| NT $ 1–19,999 | Dummy variable = 1 if individual’s monthly income is in this range, otherwise = 0 |
| NT $ 20,000–39,999 | Dummy variable = 1 if individual’s monthly income is in this range, otherwise = 0 |
| NT $ 40,000–59,999 | Dummy variable = 1 if individual’s monthly income is in this range, otherwise = 0 |
| NT $ ≥ 60,000 | (Individual’s monthly income in this range is the reference category) |
|
| Health status | |
| BMI | The number of respondent’s body mass index (BMI) |
| Heart disease | Dummy variable = 1 if respondent has heart disease, otherwise = 0 |
| Hypertension | Dummy variable = 1 if respondent has hypertension, otherwise = 0 |
| Diabetes | Dummy variable = 1 if respondent has diabetes, otherwise = 0 |
| Cholesterol | Dummy variable = 1 if respondent has cholesterol, otherwise = 0 |
| Stroke | Dummy variable = 1 if respondent has stroke, otherwise = 0 |
|
| Geographical variables | |
| Residential locations | |
| Northern | Dummy variable = 1 if the household is located in Taipei Hsien, Keelung City, Ilan Hsien, Taoyuan Hsien, Hsinchu Hsien, Miaoli Hsien, and Taipei Municipality (north is the reference category) |
| Central | Dummy variable = 1 if the household is located in Taichung Hsien, Changhua Hsien, Nantou Hsien, Yunlin Hsien, and Taichung City |
| Southern | Dummy variable = 1 if the household is located in Chiayi Hsien, Tainan Hsien, Kaohsiung Hsien, Pingtung Hsien, Kaohsiung Municipality, Chiayi City, and Tainan City |
| Eastern | Dummy variable = 1 if the household is located in Taitung Hsien, Hualien Hsien, Penghu Hsien |
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