Permissiveness toward Illegal Actions in Uruguay: Has This Attitude Changed in Time?

Table 5

Determinants of permissiveness in 2006.

	Probit models				Linear Regression
	1	2	3	4	Willingness to justify
	Claiming government benefits to which you are not entitled	Avoiding a fare on public transport	Cheating on taxes if you have a chance	Someone accepting a bribe in the course of their duties
Probability of being permissive	9.68%	12.84%	5.14%	4.42%
Man	0.008	0.013	−0.006	−0.008	−0.058
	(0.021)	(0.024)	(0.015)	(0.014)	(0.076)
Age	0.000	−0.002**	−0.001	0.000	−0.005**
	(0.001)	(0.001)	(0.001)	(0.001)	(0.002)
Incomplete secondary	−0.031	−0.021	−0.033**	−0.028*	−0.202**
	(0.023)	(0.028)	(0.016)	(0.015)	(0.100)
Complete secondary	−0.061**	−0.068**	−0.027*	−0.022	−0.300**
	(0.022)	(0.028)	(0.015)	(0.015)	(0.124)
University	−0.084***	−0.057*	−0.047***	−0.028*	−0.523***
	(0.020)	(0.031)	(0.013)	(0.015)	(0.124)
Single	0.053	0.024	−0.016	0.010	0.010
	(0.042)	(0.041)	(0.021)	(0.025)	(0.131)
Married	0.000	−0.030	−0.002	0.003	−0.027
	(0.023)	(0.025)	(0.016)	(0.016)	(0.082)
No children	−0.022	−0.061*	0.010	0.008	0.095
	(0.030)	(0.033)	(0.026)	(0.024)	(0.128)
One child	−0.048*	0.000	0.013	0.013	0.125
	(0.023)	(0.030)	(0.022)	(0.021)	(0.097)
Attendance	−0.030	0.001	0.015	−0.005	−0.051
	(0.029)	(0.037)	(0.028)	(0.022)	(0.114)
God	−0.012***	−0.007*	−0.008***	−0.007***	−0.060***
	(0.004)	(0.004)	(0.003)	(0.002)	(0.013)
Unemployed	0.141	−0.030	0.057*	0.005	0.068
	(0.194)	(0.035)	(0.038)	(0.027)	(0.135)
Full time	−0.244	−0.043*	−0.007	0.005	−0.146*
	(0.113)	(0.014)	(0.016)	(0.016)	(0.082)
Income	0.043**	0.009	0.016***	0.012***	0.092***
	(0.025)	(0.007)	(0.005)	(0.004)	(0.023)
Patriotism	−0.026**	0.002	−0.028***	−0.015	−0.221***
	(0.016)	(0.019)	(0.011)	(0.011)	(0.079)
Centre	0.027	0.041	0.047**	0.002	0.211***
	(0.025)	(0.028)	(0.021)	(0.017)	(0.079)
Right	0.077***	0.058*	0.024	0.032*	0.332***
	(0.033)	(0.034)	(0.023)	(0.020)	(0.104)
Montevideo	−0.026	−0.035	−0.043***	−0.031**	−0.320***
	(0.021)	(0.024)	(0.015)	(0.014)	(0.080)
Observations	923	923	923	923	923
Pseudo R-squared	0.09	0.04	0.11	0.08
R-squared					0.11

Notes: (1) robust standard errors in parentheses.
(2) *significant at 10%; **significant at 5%; ***significant at 1%.