Induced Land Use Emissions due to First and Second Generation Biofuels and Uncertainty in Land Use Emission Factors

Table 3

Land use changes due to biofuel production (1000 hectares)¹.

Land category	US	EU	Brazil	Others	Total
(a) 56.781 billion liters corn ethanol off of 2004
Land cover
Forest	−331	−80	42	144	−226
Pasture	−639	−46	−123	−1,043	−1,852
Cropland	971	126	82	899	2,078
Cropland-pasture^2	−1,169	—	−238	—	−1,407
(b) 22.712 billion liters stover biogasoline
Land cover
Forest	8	2	0	47	56
Pasture	5	0	2	−32	−24
Cropland	−13	−2	−2	−15	−32
Cropland-pasture^2	0	0	6	—	6
(c) 17.791 billion liters miscanthus biogasoline
Land cover
Forest	−153	−16	8	24	−137
Pasture	47	−9	−23	−197	−183
Cropland	106	25	15	173	319
Cropland-pasture^2	−3,719	—	−43	—	−3,762
(d) 17.791 billion liters switchgrass biogasoline
Land cover
Forest	−550	−45	20	−16	−590
Pasture	327	−20	−60	−431	−185
Cropland	223	65	40	447	775
Cropland-pasture^2	−6,915	—	−113	—	−7,028
(e) 34.069 billion liters stover ethanol
Land cover
Forest	19	3	0	52	74
Pasture	−6	1	3	−28	−30
Cropland	−13	−4	−3	−25	−44
Cropland-pasture^2	−9	0	8	—	−2
(f) 26.498 billion liters miscanthus ethanol
Land cover
Forest	−221	−21	11	26	−205
Pasture	88	−11	−31	−249	−202
Cropland	134	32	20	222	408
Cropland-pasture^2	−4,590	—	−56	—	−4,646
(g) 26.498 billion liters switchgrass ethanol
Land cover
Forest	−784	−61	28	−29	−845
Pasture	483	−28	−82	−581	−208
Cropland	301	89	54	610	1,054
Cropland-pasture^2	−8,278	0	−154	—	−8,432

1Cases (b) to (g) are in addition to case (a). Positive numbers represent expansion, and negative numbers indicate reduction in each category. 2Cropland-pasture is a subcategory under cropland. This row shows conversion of cropland-pasture to other crops.