Emergency Medicine International

Research Article

A Multicenter Observational Prospective Cohort Study of Association of the Prehospital National Early Warning Score 2 and Hospital Triage with Early Mortality

Table 2

Cut-off points for combined sensitivity and specificity with best score (Youden test) on the NEWS2 scale as a function of mortality (2, 7, and 30 days) and of the assigned triage level.
n (%)]MortalityM2D: 55 (5.2)M7D: 81 (7.7)M30D: 119 (11.3)
Triage    
Level I
94 (8.9)		Cut-offs (points)9109
Se % [CI 95%]82.6 (62.9-93.0)78.8 (62.2-89.3)77.5 (62.5-87.7)
Sp % [CI 95%]69.0 (57.5-78.6)82.0 (70.5-89.6)81.5 (69.2-89.6)
PPV [CI 95%]46.3 (32.1-61.3)70.3 (54.2-82.5)75.6 (60.7-86.2)
NPV [CI 95%]92.5 (82.1-97.0)87.7 (76.8-93.9)83.0 (70.8-90.8)
LR (+)[CI 95%]2.67 (1.80-3.96)4.37 (2.49-7.68)4.19 (2.33-7.50)
LR (-)[CI 95%]0.25 (0.10-0.63)0.26 (0.13-0.51)0.28 (0.15-0.50)
OR [IC 95%]10.58 (3.22-34.77)16.88 (5.85-48.71)15.16 (5.51-41.66)
DA [IC 95%]72.3 (62.6-80.4)80.9 (71.7-87.5)79.8 (70.6-86.7)
Level II
410 (38.8)		Cut-offs (points)998
Se % [CI 95%]81.5 (63.3-91.8)73.0 (57.0-84.9)69.6 (56.7-80.1)
Sp % [CI 95%]78.3 (73.9-82.2)79.1 (74.7-82.9)73.7 (68.9-78.0)
PPV [CI 95%]21.0 (14.3-29.7)25.7 (18.3-34.8)29.5 (22.4-37.8)
NPV [CI 95%]98.4 (96.2-99.3)96.7 (94.1-98.2)93.9 (90.4-96.1)
LR (+)[CI 95%]3.76 (2.89-4.89)3.49 (2.64-4.61)2.65 (2.07-3.39)
LR (-)[CI 95%]0.24 (0.11-0.52)0.34 (0.20-0.59)0.41 (0.27-0.62)
OR [IC 95%]15.90 (5.84-43.27)10.21 (4.74-21.99)6.44 (3.47-11.93)
DA [IC 95%]78.5 (74.3-82.2)78.5 (74.3-82.2)73.2 (68.7-77-2)
Level III
550 (51.1)		Cut-offs (points)796
Se % [CI 95%]100 (56.6-100)63.6 (35.4-84.8)69.6 (49.1-84.4)
Sp % [CI 95%]78.7 (75.1-81.9)89.6 (86.7-91.9)73.1 (69.1-76.7)
PPV [CI 95%]4.1 (1.8-9.3)11.1 (5.5-21.2)10.1 (6.3-15.8)
NPV [CI 95%]100 (99.1-100)99.2 (97.9-99.7)98.2 (96.4-99.1)
LR (+)[CI 95%]4.70 (4.0-5.52)6.13 (3.67-10.21)2.58 (1.90-3.50)
LR (-)[CI 95%]0 (0-7.78)0.41 (0.18-0.89)0.42 (0.22-0.78)
OR [IC 95%]∞ (3.32- ∞)15.09 (4.28-53.17)6.20 (2.50-15.38)
DA [IC 95%]78.9 (75.3-82.1)89.1 (86.2-91.4)72.9 (69.0-76.5)
M2D: mortality 2 days; M7D: mortality 7 days; M30D: mortality 30 days; CI: confidence interval; Se: Sensitivity; Sp: Specificity; PPV: positive predictive value: NPV: negative predictive value; LR: likelihood ratio; OR: odds ratio; DA: diagnostic accuracy.
Maximum (sensitivity + specificity -1).