Evaluating Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease by Ultrasound
Table 1
Demographic characteristics and significance levels in control group and COPD patients according to their stages.
Control group (n = 40)
GOLD A (n = 6)
GOLD B (n = 6)
GOLD C (n = 15)
GOLD D (n = 34)
value
Male, n (%)
34 (85.0)
1 (16.7)
3 (50.0)
13 (86.7)
32 (94.1)
<0.001
Age, median (IQR)
67.5 (10.0)
58.0 (7.0)
78.5 (15.0)
65.0 (16.0)
71.0 (13.0)
<0.001
Number of exacerbations in the previous year, median (IQR)
—
0.50 (1.0)
1.0 (1.0)
1.0 (0.0)
2.0 (1.0)
<0.001
Smoking, n (%)
23 (57.5)
6 (100.0)
6 (100.0)
15 (100.0)
31 (91.2)
0.836
BMI, median (IQR)
27.1 (3.8)
28.2 (5.1)
25.9 (6.5)
26.5 (7.5)
24.5 (4.0)
0.095
CHD, n (%)
1 (2.5)
0 (0.0)
3 (50.0)
2 (13.3)
11 (32.4)
0.115
CHF, n (%)
1 (2.5)
3 (50.0)
1 (16.7)
2 (13.3)
4 (11.8)
0.115
DM, n (%)
5 (12.5)
0 (0.0)
1 (16.7)
6 (40.0)
9 (26.5)
0.279
HT, n (%)
10 (25.0)
6 (100.0)
1 (16.7)
10 (66.7)
20 (58.8)
0.033
Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation for normally distributed data and percentage for categorical variables. COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; GOLD: Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease; IQR: interquartile range; BMI: body mass index; CHD: coronary heart disease; CHF: congestive heart failure; DM: diabetes mellitus; HT: hypertension.
