Protein Kinases and Phosphatases in the Control of Cell Fate
Figure 2
(a) Domain structure of protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms. All PKC family members comprise four conserved domains (C1–4) and five variable (V) domains. All isoforms contain a pseudosubstrate domain (PS) that maintains PKC in a catalytically inactive form. The C1 domains are the molecular sensors of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)/diacylglycerol (DAG) in cPKC and nPKC isoforms. Atypical PKCs have only one C1 domain and are unable to bind DAG. The C2 domains function as calcium-dependent phospholipid binding modules in cPKCs, whereas nPKC C2 domains do not bind calcium, and aPKCs are lacking these domains. (b) PKCs signalling. The diagram summarizes current knowledge of the PKCs signalling pathways. Full and further details are provided in the text.
