Actinomycetes: A Source of Lignocellulolytic Enzymes

Table 1

Cellulase producing actinomycetes.

Actinomycete isolate	Cellulolytic enzyme	Observed results	Reference
Streptomyces sp.	β-glucosidases	Saccharification of rice straw	[77]
	Extracellular cellulases	Zone of hydrolysis in plate assay method	[109, 130]
	Endoglucanases	Enzyme production	[131]
	Cellulases	Aid in composting	[132]
Streptomyces sp.strain AT7	Carboxymethylcellulose (Cx) and Avicelase (C1) enzyme	Production of enzymes	[133]
Streptomyces sp.strains M7a and M7b, F2621, LIPIMC-A-194, LIPIMC-A-251, and LIPIMC-A-278	Endoglucanases/CMCase (carboxymethylcellulose)	CMCase production	[76, 134, 135]
Streptomyces sp.T3-1		Scale-up of enzyme production	[136]
Streptomyces sp.S7		Enzyme production using fruit waste	[137]
Streptomyces albogriseolus,; Streptomyces nitrosporeus	β-glucosidase, endoglucanase, and avicelase	Optimization studies for production of cellulases	[110]
Streptomyces lividans	Cellulases	Enzyme characterization; Enzyme production optimization	[106]; [138]
Streptomyces flavogriseus; Streptomyces nitrosporus	Cellulases	Optimization of enzyme production	[138]
Streptomyces albaduncus	Exoglucanase, β-glucosidase, and endoglucanase	Catabolite repression studies; Characterization of enzyme	[139]; [140]
Streptomyces reticuli	Avicelase	Gene expression studies	[68]
Streptomyces cellulolyticus	Extracellular cellulases	Cellulose decomposition	[141]
Streptomyces drozdowiczii	Endoglucanase	Successful application in detergent and textile processing	[142]
Streptomyces malachitofuscus,; Streptomyces glomeratus, and; Streptomyces stramineus	Extracellular cellulases	Zone of hydrolysis in plate assay method	[109]
Streptomyces gancidicus	Extracellular cellulase, CMCase/endoglucanase	Zone of hydrolysis in plate assay method	[109, 143]
Streptomyces actuosus	Endoglucanase	Optimization of CMCase production	[144]
Streptomyces bobili LIPIMC-A-283,; Streptomyces olivochromogenes LIPIMC-A-247	CMCase/endoglucanase	CMCase production	[135]
Streptomyces globosus,; Streptomyces alanosinicus,	CMCase/endoglucanase	Zone of hydrolysis in plate assay method	⁢ [143]
Streptomyces ruber		Optimization studies
Streptomyces viridobrunneus SCPE-09	Endoglucanase	Enzyme production from agroindustrial residues	[145]
Streptomyces viridiochromogenes	Avicelase, CMCase, and total cellulase	Saccharification of rice straw and ethanol production	[146]
Streptomyces albospinus	Extracellular cellulases	Degradation of cellulosic materials	[147]
Streptomyces griseorubens	Cellulases	Enzyme production optimization	[148]
Streptomyces matensis	Endoglucanase and exoglucanase	Enzyme production optimization	[149]
Streptomyces longispororuber	Carboxymethylcellulose	Production and purification of enzyme	[150]
Cellulomonas fmi	Cellulase	Activity observed,	[151]; [152]
	FPase (total cellulases)	saccharification of rice straw and ethanol production,; and optimization of enzyme production using wheat straw	[153]
Cellulomonas fimi
Cellulomonas sp.
Cellulomonas sp. (strains ATCC21399 and JHHY35)	CMCase, FPase	CMC depolymerisation and filter paper disintegration	[154]
Cellulomonas cartae
Cellulomonas cellulase
Cellulomonas cellulase
Cellulomonas flavigena
Cellulomonas subalbus		Degradation of flax, sisal, and cotton fibres
Cellulomonas uda
Cellulomonas biazotea
Cellulomonas gelida			[155]
Cellulomonas biazotea	FPase, endo-β-glucanase and β-glucosidase; endo- and exoglucanases, and cellobiases	Enzyme production using cellulosic substrates; Cellulosic biohydrogen production	[156]; [157]
Cellulomonas cellulans	CMCase	Degradation of flax, sisal, and cotton fibres	[155]
Cellulomonas cellulans NRRL B 4567		Study of substrate inhibition kinetics	[158]
Cellulomonas	Endoglucanase/CMCase	Enzyme production using cassava bagasse	[159]
cellulans		Isolation from silver fish and cellulase characterization	[160]
Intrasporangium, Saccharopolyspora,; Streptosporangium, Rhodococcus, Saccharomonospora, and Nocardia; Micromonospora	Extracellular cellulase	Zone of hydrolysis in plate assay method	[130]
Micromonospora	β-glucosidase	Saccharification of rice straw	[77]
Micromonospora chalcea	β-glucosidase and CMCase	Demonstration of activity	[161]
		Enzyme production	[162]
Microbispora bispora; Microbispora sp.; Micromonospora melanosporea; Microbispora bispora	β-glucosidase; Cellulase; β-glucosidase, endoglucanase & Avicelase; Endoglucanase/CMCase	Saccharification of rice straw; Help in composting; Optimization of cellulase production; Enzyme production	[77]; [132]; [110]; [163]
Thermomonospora sp.	β-glucosidase	Saccharification of rice straw	[77]
	CMCase	Enzyme production, purification, and characterization	[164]
Thermomonospora curvata	Extracellular cellulase	Production and partial purification of enzyme	[165]
Actinoplanes minutisporangius LIPIMC-A-269 and 279	CMCase/endoglucanase	CMCase production	[137]
Streptoverticillium morookaense,; Nocardiopsis aegyptia	CMCase/endoglucanase	Zone of hydrolysis in plate assay method	[143]
Pseudonocardia thermophila	β-glucosidase and CMCase	Activities demonstrated	[161]
Actinopolyspora  halophila	CMCase and β-glucosidase	Detection of activity	[166]
Thermoactinomyces sp.	Endoglucanase, β-glucosidase, and avicelase	Degradation of microcrystalline cellulose	[167]
Thermoactinomyces sp.strain TA3	Extracellular cellulase	High efficiency and bioactivity observed during compositing	[168]