Epidemiology of Dissociative Disorders: An Overview

Table 1

Dissociative disorder prevalence studies in the general psychiatric settings (DDIS: dissociative disorders interview schedule, SCID-D: structured clinical interview for dissociative disorders).

Study	Inclusion rate	Number of subjects approached	Diagnostic instrument	Cutoff on DES	Dissociative Identity disorder	All dissociative disorders	DES Score
							Mean	SD	>DES^(b)
Inpatient unit
Tutkun et al. [25]	63.6%	166	DDIS	30	5.4%^(a)	10.2%^(a)	17.8	14.9	14.5%
Modestin et al. [27]	—	207	DDIS	—	0.4%	5.0%	13.7	13.5	12.0%
Gast et al. [33]	—	115	SCID-D	20	0.9%	4.3%	—	—	21.7%
Friedl and Draijer [26]	50.4%	122	SCID-D	25	2.0%	8.0%	20.0	18.1	29.5%
Ginzburg et al. [34]	84.0%	120	SCID-D	—	0.8%	12.0%	20.9	18.7	—
Saxe et al. [23]	64.0%	172	DDIS	25	4.0%	13.0%	—	—	15.0%
Ross et al. [22]	61.8%	484	DDIS	20	5.4%	20.7%	14.6	14.2	30.1%
Lipsanen et al. [28]	—	39	DDIS	—	—	21.0%	—	—	—
Ross et al. [31]	51.6%	407	DDIS	—	7.5%	40.8%	—	—	—
Outpatient Unit
Sar et al. [24]	81.5%	150	DDIS	30	2.0%^(a)	12.0%^(a)	15.3	14.0	15.3%
Sar et al. [8]	79.5%	240	SCID-D	25	2.5%	13.8%	20.0	18.9	27.9%
Foote et al. [32]	—	82	DDIS	—	6.0%	29.0%	—	—	—
Lipsanen et al. [28]	—	39	DDIS	—	—	14.0%	—	—	—
Emergency Ward
Sar et al. [29]	44.3%	43	SCID-D	25	14.0%	34.9%	23.4	19.3	39.5%

^(a)Clinically confirmed diagnosis, ^(b)Percentage of patients with a dissociative experiences scale (DES) score above cutoff point.