A Real World Report on Intravenous High-Dose and Non-High-Dose Proton-Pump Inhibitors Therapy in Patients with Endoscopically Treated High-Risk Peptic Ulcer Bleeding

Table 3

Comparison between the non-high-dose and high-dose PPI before case-controlled matching.

Characteristic	Non-high-dose group (𝑛=150)	High-dose group (𝑛=70)	𝑃-value
Age (years)	64.1±13.3	62.6±14.4	0.558
Female gender, 𝑛 (%)	105 (70.0)	44 (62.9)	0.291
Creatinine (mg/dL)	2.0±2.4	2.6±2.8	0.018^*
Hb (g/L)	96.2±28.2	92.1±30.1	0.438
Platelet (×10^9/L)	195.2±103.5	186.8±90.4	0.592
Use of NSAIDs, 𝑛 (%)	8 (5.3)	6 (8.6)	0.359
Use of aspirin, 𝑛 (%)	23 (15.3)	9 (12.9)	0.628
Use of clopidogrel, 𝑛 (%)	15 (10.0)	8 (11.4)	0.747
Use of warfarin, 𝑛 (%)	5 (3.3)	5 (7.1)	0.206
Coexisting illness, 𝑛 (%)
CKD III, IV/V	47/17 (31.3/11.3)	23/12 (32.9/17.1)	0.422
COPD	8 (5.3)	3 (4.3)	0.740
CAD	21 (14.0)	16 (22.6)	0.102
DM	38 (25.3)	28 (40.0)	0.027^*
CVA	18 (12.0)	16 (22.9)	0.038^*
Liver cirrhosis	26 (17.3)	13 (18.6)	0.321
Forrest classification Ia/Ib/IIa/IIb/IIc/III	11/86/12/35/5/1	3/45/7/15/0/0	0.524
Shock on admission	69 (46.0)	43 (61.4)	0.033^*
Rockall score	5.9±1.7	6.3±1.5	0.106
Time to endoscope (hours)	15.9±19.2	14.1±15.8	0.107
Hemostasis methods A/B/C/D/E/F	11/86/12/35/5/1	3/45/7/15/0/0
PRBC BT (mL)	11101.7±1495.3	1842.9±2185.7	0.196
Multiple ulcers, 𝑛 (%)	50 (38.7)	26 (37.1)	0.580
Rebleeding, 𝑛 (%)	24 (16.0)	19 (27.1)	0.052
Surgery, 𝑛 (%)	1 (0.6)	1 (1.4)	0.579
Hospital stay (days)	11.9±14.9	16.5±14.3	0.343
Mortality, 𝑛 (%)	9 (6.0)	8 (11.4)	0.207
Bleeding related/other causes	3/6	1/7

Hb: hemoglobin, NSAID: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, CKD: chronic kidney disease, PPI: proton-pump inhibitor, DM: diabetes mellitus type 2, COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, CAD: coronary artery disease, CVA: cerebrovascular accident, BT: blood transfusion, PPI: proton pump inhibitor, Hemostasis methods A/B/C/D/E/F: Bosmin plus APC/heat probe=A, APC/heat probe=B, Hemoclip=C, Bosmin plus hemoclip=D, APC/heat probe plus hemoclip=E, APC plus hemoclip plus Bosmin=F, APC: argon plasma coagulation. ^*𝑃<0.05.