Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Synbiotics: Gut and Beyond

Table 1

Various probiotic strains and their applications in different types of cancer and side effects associated with cancer.

Sr No	Strain	Indication	Results	References
(1)	L. rhamnosus GG + B. lactis Bb12 (10B each with inulin)	Polypectomized and colon cancer patients	Increased L. rhamnosus and B lactis in feces, reduction in C perfringens, prevents increased secretion of IL-2 in polypectomized patients, increased production of interferon-γ in cancer patients.	[107]
(2)	L. casei Shirota 30B daily	Recurrence of superficial bladder cancer	Significant reduction in primary multiple and recurrent single tumors	[108]
(3)	L. casei Shirota	Preventive effect on bladder cancer	Significant reduction in risk of bladder cancer	[109]
(4)	L. casei LC9018	Cervical cancer	Reduced immunity against tumor induction	[110]
(5)	L. plantarum CGMCC No 1258, L. acidophilus LA-11, B. longum BL-88. Daily dose of 2.6∗10^14CFU	Barrier function and post-operative infectious complications in Colorectal cancer surgery	Improvement in the integrity of gut mucosal barrier and decrease in infectious complications	[111]
(6)	L. acidophilus and B. bifidum 1B CFU each	Diarrhea during radiotherapy in cervical cancer	Reduction in incidence of diarrhea and better stool consistency.	[112]
(7)	VSL#3	Radiation induced diarrhea	Less diarrhea, improvement in daily bowel movements	[113]
(8)	L. rhamnosus GG 10 to 20B daily for 24 weeks	Diarrhea related to chemotherapy of colorectal cancer	Patients had less grade 4 or 4 diarrhea, less abdominal discomfort, needed less hospital care and had fewer chemo dose reduction due to bowel toxicity.	[114]