Review Article
The Role of Portal Vein Thrombosis in the Clinical Course of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Report on Three Cases and Review of the Literature
Table 1
Characteristics of the reports of the literature regarding the portal vein thrombosis in inflammatory bowel disease.
| | Author | No. of patients
(IBD) | Biochemical risk factors for PVT | Therapy | Outcome |
| | Maconi | 8 (6 CD; 2 UC) | (i) Lupus anticoagulant (1)
(ii) Increased von Willebrand factor (2)
(iii) Increased homocysteine levels (4 with mutation of MTHFR-677-3 Ht) | Anticoagulant (4)
| Recanalization | | Lefevre | 1 (UC) | Ht for prothrombin-G20210A mutation | Oral anticoagulant | Recanalization | | Jackson | 3 (1 UC; 2 CD) | Lupus anticoagulant + Ht for factor V Leiden mutation (1 pt) | Oral anticoagulant | NA | | Ibele | 1 (UC) | None | Oral anticoagulant | Recanalization | | Di Fabio | 1 (CD) | None | Thrombobectomy + oral anticoagulant | Recanalization | | Aguas | 1 (CD) | None | Heparin | Recanalization | | Palkovist | 1 (UD) | None | LMWH | Portal cavernoma | | Latzman | 1 (CD) | Ht for prothrombin-G20210A mutaion | Thrombobectomy + oral anticoagulant | Recanalization | | Hatoum | 3 (CD) | Factor V Leiden mutation (1)
| LMWH + oral anticoagulant (1 pt) | Recanalization | | Shaked | 1 (CD) | None | Heparin + oral anticoagulant | Recanalization | | Guglielmi | 1 (CD) | None | Thrombolysis + LMWH | Recanalization | | Verna | 1 (UC) | Elevated FVII | No therapy | Atrophy of left hepatic lobe | | Mijnhout | 1 (CD) | 1 (CD) | Heparin + oral anticoagulant | Recanalization | | Fichera | 4 (1 CD, 3 UC) | Ht for prothrombin-G20210A mutation | Oral anticoagulant | Recanalization | | Remzi | 41 (26 UC, 15 IC) | NA | Anticoagulation (8 pts) | Recanalization (5/13 pts)
Portal cavernoma (1/13 pt)
No change (7/13 pts) | | Hagimoto | 1 (UC) | NA | Thrombolysis + oral anticoagulant | Recanalization | | Schafer | 1 (CD) | None | Thrombolysis | Recanalization | | Farkas | 1 (UC) | None | Oral anticoagulant | Recanalization | | Tsujikawa | 1 (CD) | None | Thrombolysis + heparin + oral anticoagulant | Recanalization | | Tung | 1 (CD) | None | LMWH | Recanalization | | Miyazaki | 1 (UC) | None | Thrombolysis + oral anticoagulant | Recanalization | | Irving | 4 (CD) | None | LMWH + oral anticoagulant | Recanalization | | Mathieu | 1 (CD) | Acquired protein C deficiency | LMWH | Recanalization | | Crowe | 1 (CD) | None | Oral anticoagulant | Recanalization | | Brinberg | 1 (CD) | None | Heparin | Recanalization |
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Ht: heterozygosis, LMWH: low molecular weight heparin, IC: indeterminate colitis, UC: ulcerative colitis, CD: Crohn’s disease, and MTHFR: methyl-tetrahydrofolate reductase.
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