The Clinical Investigation of Disparity of Utility Values Associated with Gallstone Disease: A Pilot Study

Table 4

Multiple linear regression on the associated factors related to the utility values that all univariate significant factors were included among outpatient clinics participants (𝑛=108).

Variables	β	SE	95% CI	𝑃 value
Intercept	0.927	0.048	0.823~1.023	<0.001
Sex (male versus female)	0.005	0.043	−0.081~0.091	0.91
Age (≥65 versus <65 yrs)	−0.103	0.042	−0.187~−0.020	0.02
Gallstone disease (GSD)
Single stone versus no GSD	−0.036	0.057	−0.148~0.077	0.53
Multiple stones versus no GSD	−0.140	0.055	−0.248~−0.031	0.01
Cholecystectomy versus no GSD	−0.258	0.056	−0.368~−0.147	<0.001
Marriage (yes versus no + widow)	0.048	0.042	−0.035~0.132	0.25

The significant level of 𝑃 value was 0.016 (0.05/3) for Bonferroni correction to multiple comparisons among single stone versus no GSD, multiple stones versus no GSD, and cholecystectomy versus no GSD.