Impact of Physical Activity on Cancer-Specific and Overall Survival of Patients with Colorectal Cancer

Table 1

Main characteristics of the 8 studies included in the meta-analysis.

First author Year (reference)	Number of CRCs cohort	Males/females	Colon/rectum	Variables of adjustment	Prediagnosis PA	Postdiagnosis PA
Campbell et al., 2013 [9]	2293; CPS-II	1271/991	1664/598	Age, gender, stage, BMI, and tobacco	≥8.75 MET hour/wk (𝑛=1064) versus <3.5 MET hour/wk (𝑛=255); RR CSS = 0.78 (0.57–1.08); RR OS = 0.72 (0.58–0.89)	RR CSS = 0.87 (0.61–1.24); RR OS = 0.58 (0.47–0.71)
Kuiper et al., 2012 [10]	1339; WHI	0/1339	404/96	Age, time from diagnosis, BMI, stage, alcohol, tobacco, and HRT	≥18 MET hour/wk (𝑛=277) versus no PA (𝑛=234); HR CSS = 0.68 (0.41–1.13); HR OS = 0.63 (0.42–0.96)	HR CSS = 0.29 (0.11–0.77); HR OS = 0.41 (0.21–0.81)
Baade et al., 2011 [11]	1825; Queensland	1089/736	1163/662	Age, gender, BMI, stage, tobacco, and type of therapy		593 sufficiently active versus 748 sedentary; HR CSS = 0.88 (0.68–1.15); HR OS = 0.75 (0.60–0.94)
Meyerhardt et al., 2009 [12]	668; HPFS	661/0	390/110	Age, stage, colon/rectum, BMI, and tobacco		≥27 MET hour/wk (𝑛=252) versus <3 MET hour/wk (𝑛=102); HR CSS = 0.47 (0.24–0.92); HR OS = 0.59 (0.41–0.86)
Meyerhardt et al., 2006 [13]	573; NHS	0/573	421/104	Age, gender, BMI, stage, colon/rectum, CT, tobacco, and time from diagnosis	≥18 MET hour/wk (𝑛=161) versus <3 MET hour/wk (𝑛=142); HR CSS = 0.86 (0.44–1.67); HR OS = 0.95 (0.57–1.59)	≥18 MET hour/wk (𝑛=144) versus <3 MET hour/wk (𝑛=167); HR CSS = 0.39 (0.18–0.82); HR OS = 0.43 (0.25–0.74)
Meyerhardt et al., 2006 [14]	832; Stage III NCI	471/361	832/0	Age, gender, invasion, perforation, obstruction, CEA, BMI, CT arm, and PS		18–27 MET hour/wk (𝑛=84) versus <3 MET hour/wk (𝑛=273); HR RFS = 0.51 (0.26–1.01); HR OS = 0.71 (0.32–1.59)
Haydon et al., 2006 [15]	526; MCCS	270/256	336/175	Age, gender, BMI, and stage	PA (𝑛=229) versus no PA (𝑛=297); HR DFS = 0.73 (0.54–1.00); HR OS = 0.77 (0.58–1.03)

CRC means colorectal cancer, PA: physical activity, MET: metabolic equivalent task, BMI: body mass index, CSS: cancer-specific survival, OS: overall survival, HRT: hormone replacement therapy, na: not available, CEA: carcinoembryonic antigen, CT: chemotherapy, and PS: performance status.