Brief Education on Microvasculature and Pit Pattern for Trainees Significantly Improves Estimation of the Invasion Depth of Colorectal Tumors

Table 2

Estimation of deep submucosal invasion of colorectal tumors by trainees.

Education	Sensitivity; (%, 95% CI)	Specificity; (%, 95% CI)	Accuracy; (%, 95% CI)	PPV; (%, 95% CI)	NPV; (%, 95% CI)
Before education	80.0 (63.1–91.6)	47.9 (39.4–56.5)	54.3 (46.6–61.8)	27.7 (19.3–37.5)	90.8 (81.5–96.1)
CWE	94.3 (80.8–99.3)	45.7 (37.3–54.3)	55.4 (47.7–62.9)	30.3 (21.8–39.8)	97.0 (89.5–99.6)
MNE	77.1 (59.9–89.6)	65.0 (56.5–72.9)*	67.4 (59.9–74.3)*	35.5 (24.9–47.3)	91.9 (84.7–96.5)
MCE	60.0 (42.1–76.1)	80.7 (73.2–86.9)*	76.6 (69.6–82.7)	43.8 (29.5–58.8)	89.0 (82.2–93.8)

PPV: positive predictive value; NPV: negative predictive value; CWE: conventional white-light endoscopy; MNE: magnifying narrow-band imaging endoscopy; MCE: magnifying chromoendoscopy.
^∗𝑃<0.05 when compared with the previous value.