Hepatitis B Virus-Related Glomerulonephritis: Not a Predominant Cause of Proteinuria in Korean Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B
Table 1
Baseline characteristics of total patients () and HBV-GN patients () categorized by antiviral treatment subgroups.
Characteristics
Total ()
Intervention group ()
Control group ()
value
Age (years)+
51.0 (24.0–75.0)
49.0 (32.0–75.0)
53.0 (24.0–70.0)
0.28a
Male sex++
46 (84)
9 (69.2)
7 (100)
0.44b
Diabetes mellitus++
6 (10.9)
3 (23.0)
2 (28.6)
0.88b
Hypertension++
15 (27.3)
4 (30.8)
3 (42.9)
0.70b
Hematuria++
13 (23.6)
2 (15.4)
0 (0)
0.59b
Liver cirrhosis*++
22 (40)
5 (38.5)
3 (42.9)
0.61b
Child-Pugh class++
0.54b
Class A
12 (21.8)
3 (23.1)
2 (28.6)
Class B
10 (18.2)
2 (15.4)
1 (14.3)
Laboratory assessments
Baseline HBsAg positive++
55 (100)
13 (100)
7 (100)
Baseline anti-HBs positive++
0 (0)
0 (0)
0 (0)
Baseline HBeAg positive++
21 (38.2)
7 (53.8)
4 (57.1)
0.53b
Baseline anti-HBe positive++
34 (61.8)
6 (46.1)
3 (42.9)
0.53b
Baseline HBV DNA level++
<0.001b
0–2000 IU/mL
22 (40.0)
3 (23.1)
4 (57.1)
2000–20000 IU/mL
4 (7.3)
2 (15.4)
1 (14.3)
>20000 IU/mL
29 (52.7)
8 (61.5)
2 (28.6)
Serum BUN (mg/dL)+
19.0 (9.0–92.0)
24.0 (9.0–92.0)
18.0 (13.0–66.0)
0.76a
Serum Cr (mg/g)+
1.2 (0.7–6.6)
1.3 (0.7–6.6)
1.1 (0.8–2.7)
0.88a
Urine protein-to-creatinine ratio (mg/g)+
3.5 (0.8–10.6)
3.4 (0.8–10.6)
3.8 (3.0–5.6)
0.38a
Serum cholesterol (mg/dL)+
204.0 (91.0–447.0)
202.0 (91.0–447.0)
240.0 (105.0–273.0)
0.88a
Total protein (g/dL)+
5.9 (4.3–7.5)
5.9 (4.3–7.5)
6.0 (4.4–6.8)
0.59a
Serum albumin (g/dL)+
2.9 (1.9–4.5)
2.8 (1.9–4.5)
3.7 (2.0–4.4)
0.70a
Total bilirubin (mg/dL)+
0.7 (0.3–4.7)
0.8 (0.3–4.7)
0.7 (0.5–1.5)
0.40a
Alkaline phosphatase (IU/L)+
66.0 (27.0–308.0)
67.0 (33.0–308.0)
66.0 (27.0–116.0)
0.49a
AST (IU/L)+
29.0 (10.0–198.0)
30.0 (10.0–198.0)
28.0 (19.0–33.0)
0.54a
ALT (IU/L)+
35.0 (7.0–179.0)
38 (7.0–179.0)
33.0 (13.0–72.0)
0.44a
*Liver cirrhosis was diagnosed when the platelet count was below 100,000/mm3 and associated splenomegaly or esophageal-gastric varices were detected.
+Data are medians, and data in parentheses are ranges.
++Data are numbers of patients and data in parentheses are percentages.
aMann-Whitney test was used to analyze the differences between the intervention group and control group.
b test (or Fisher’s exact test) was used to analyze the differences between the intervention group and control group.
