Hepatic Overexpression of GRP94 in a Rabbit Model of Parenteral Nutrition-Associated Liver Disease

Table 1

Total parenteral nutrition solution formula (total liquid volume 240 mL·kg⁻¹·d⁻¹ and total calories 210 kcal·kg⁻¹·d⁻¹).

Ingredient	Volume (mL)	Calories (kcal)	Calories percentage (%)
20% medium/long-chain fat emulsion^(1)	40.0	72.0	34.3
11.4% compound amino acids	80.0	36.4	17.3
50% glucose	36.0	72.0	48.4
10% glucose	74.0	29.6
10% sodium chloride	4.0
10% potassium chloride	3.0
10% calcium gluconate	3.0
Water-soluble vitamins^(2)	1/2 ampoule
Fat-soluble vitamins^(3)	1/2 ampoule
Total	240.0	210.0

Note: ⁽¹⁾medium/long-chain fat emulsion (250 mL) composition: soybean oil 12.5 g, medium chain triglycerides 12.5 g, and lecithin 1.5 g. ⁽²⁾Water-soluble vitamins composition: vitamin B 10.6 mg, vitamin B 20.72 mg, nicotinamide 8 mg, vitamin B 60.8 mg, pantothenic acid 3 mg, vitamin C 20 mg, biotin 12 μg, folic acid 80 μg, and vitamin B 121 μg. ⁽³⁾Fat-soluble vitamins composition: vitamin A 50 μg (165 IU), vitamin D 20.25 μg (10 IU), vitamin E 0.455 mg (0.5 IU), and vitamin K1 7.5 μg.