Optimal Endpoint of Therapy in IBD: An Update on Factors Determining a Successful Drug Withdrawal

Table 3

Retrospective and observational studies.

Authors	Year	Study type	Disease	Treatment	Number of patients	Length of preceding therapy	Outcome after withdrawal
George et al. [25]	1996	Retrospective	UC	6-Mercaptopurine	105		Relapse: 87%
Fraser et al. [26]	2002	Retrospective	UC and CD	Azathioprine	222 IBD (143 UC and 79 CD)		Relapse at 1 year: 37%; 2 years: 56%; 3 years: 66%; 4 years: 72%; 5 years: 75%
Cassinotti et al. [27]	2009	Retrospective	UC	Azathioprine	127	Median: 47 months	Relapse at 1 year: 35%, 2 years: 49%, 3 years: 59%, 4 years: 61%, 5 years: 65%
Kim et al. [28]	1999	Retrospective	CD	6-Mercaptopurine	36	≥6 months	Relapse at 1 year: 36% (versus 29% in those on drug), 2 years: 71% (versus 45% in those of drug), 3 years: 85% (versus 55% in those on drug), 5 years: 85% (versus 61% in those on drugs)
Bouhnik et al. [16]	1996	Retrospective	CD	Azathioprine/6-mercaptopurine	42	>6 months	Relapse at 1 year: 38%, 3 years: 61%, 5 years: 75%
Holtmann et al. [29]	2006	Retrospective	UC and CD	Azathioprine/6-mercaptopurine	160 CD and 208 UC	<3 years, 3-4 years or >4 years	Median disease flare/year: in CD: 0 in all duration groups; in UC: <3 years: 0, 3-4 years: 0.48; >4 years: 0.96
Fraser et al. [19]	2002	Retrospective	CD and UC	Methotrexate	19	Mean: 17.1 months	Relapse at 6 months: 58%, 12 months: 79%, 18 months: 84%
Steenholdt et al. [30]	2012	Retrospective	UC	Infliximab	28		Relapse at 1 year: 25%, 10 years: 88%
			CD		53		Relapse at 1 year: 39%, 4.5 years: 60%
Farkas et al. [31]	2014	Prospective observational	UC	Infliximab or adalimumab	22	1 year	Relapse at 1 year: 59%
			CD		41		Relapse at 1 year: 78%
Domènech et al. [20]	2005	Retrospective	CD	Infliximab	23 luminal CD patients receiving only induction therapy (3 infusions)	6 weeks	Relapse at 2 months: 100% in partial remission group; 6 months: 28% in complete remission group
					23 luminal or perianal CD patients receiving infusions every 8 weeks	1 year	Relapse at a median of 8.8 months: 48%
Schnitzler et al. [21]	2009	Prospective observational	CD	Infliximab	110	Median: 6.2 months	Median length of remission: 47.3 months
Waugh et al. [32]	2010	Retrospective	CD	Infliximab	48	Median: 15.6 months	Relapse at a median of 477 days: 50%, at a median of 4.1 years: 65%
Louis et al. [22]	2012	Prospective observational	CD	Infliximab	155	≥1 year	Relapse at 1 year: 43.9%, 2 years: 52.2%
Molnár et al. [23]	2013	Prospective observational	CD	Infliximab or adalimumab	121	1 year	Relapse at 1 year: 45%, 2 years: 88%
Farkas et al. [24]	2013	Prospective observational	UC	Infliximab	51	1 year	Relapse at 1 year: 35%