Gastroenterology Research and Practice

Review Article

Smoking Exposure and Survival of Patients with Esophagus Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 1

Baseline characteristics of all included studies.
StudyCountryYearType of studyRecruitmentFollow-upSubjects GenderAgeStageDefinition of smoking AdjustmentHistology
End MedianRangeMedian
Zhang et al. [10]China2013Case control2009~2010Dead or 2012/12/31NR79F = 10
M = 69		38~8463I~IVNRNRESCC
Trivers et al. [11]USA2005Case control1993~19952000/10/28NR1142F = 255
M = 887		30~79NRI~IVYNREA/ESCC/OGA 293/221/367
Shitara et al. [12]Japan2010Case control2001~2005NR5.6 y (2.1–7.9)363F = 50
M = 313		33~8462I~IVYa, b, c, d, e, f, gESCC
Lin et al. [13]China2012Case control1990~2005NR6.5 y (1–20)643F = 189
M = 454		NRNRIA~IIAYa, b, d, g, k, mESCC
Wu et al. [14]Taiwan, China2013Cohort2000~20082008/12/31NR718F = 44
M = 674		NR59.8 ± 11.6I~IVYa, b, d, g, hESCC
Mirinezhad  et al. [15]Iran2012Case control2006~2011NRNR460F = 205
M = 255		20~9065.8 ± 12.2II~IVNRa, b, i, h, j, k, e, g, lEA/ESCC 26/434
Thrift  et al. [16]Australia 2012Case control2001~2005NR6.4 y301F = 129
M = 172		18~7966I~IVYa, b, g, m, nESCC
Sundelöf  et al. [17]Sweden2008Case control1995~19972004/12/31NR580F = 104
M = 476		NRNRNRYa, b, p, d, qEA/ESCC/GCA 177/159/244
NR: not reported; Y: have a clear definition of smoking status; F: female; M: male; a: age; b: gender; c: performance status index; d: alcohol consumption; e: histology; f: tumor length; g: UICC stage; h: education; i: residence; j: tumor site; k: surgery history; l: tumor differentiation; m: treatment; n: complication; o: do sports; p: gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD); ESCC: esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma; EA: esophageal adenocarcinoma; OGA: other (noncardia) gastric adenocarcinomas; GCA: gastric cardia adenocarcinoma.