Actin and non-actin components (vimentin, Skeltin)
Diagnostic marker for type 1 AIH
Antiactin
Polymerized F-actin
(1) Subset of smooth muscle antibodies (2) Children: treatment dependence and progression to liver failure (3) Adults: early onset and severe disease (4) Severe clinical and histological disease if reactive to actin and α-actinin, anti-ss DNA antibodies can be seen as well.
(1) High specificity, may be present when other markers are absent (2) Predictor of relapse and treatment dependence (3) Associated with DRB10301 (4) Higher frequency of death from liver failure.
(1) Present when other markers like ANA, SMA, LKM1 absent (2) Early age of onset and concurrent immune disease (3) Marked liver inflammation and rapid progression to cirrhosis
(1) Occur in association with ANA (2) May define a subset of ANA positive patients that are treatment dependent (3) Predictor of relapse after drug withdrawal (4) Higher levels of globulin and IgG at presentation