Copyright © 2009 K. Dajani et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Linked References

1. P. C. Simmonds, J. N. Primrose, J. L. Colquitt, O. J. Garden, G. J. Poston, and M. Rees, “Surgical resection of hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer: a systematic review of published studies,” British Journal of Cancer, vol. 94, no. 7, pp. 982–999, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed
2. G. J. Poston, “Surgical strategies for colorectal liver metastases,” Surgical Oncology, vol. 13, no. 2-3, pp. 125–136, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed
3. D. A. O'Reilly and G. J. Poston, “Colorectal liver metastases: current and future perspectives,” Future Oncology, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 525–531, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed
4. E. K. Abdalla, R. Adam, A. J. Bilchik, D. Jaeck, J.-N. Vauthey, and D. Mahvi, “Improving resectability of hepatic colorectal metastases: expert consensus statement,” Annals of Surgical Oncology, vol. 13, no. 10, pp. 1271–1280, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed
5. E. Van Cutsem, B. Nordlinger, R. Adam, et al., “Towards a pan-European consensus on the treatment of patients with colorectal liver metastases,” European Journal of Cancer, vol. 42, no. 14, pp. 2212–2221, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed
6. O. J. Garden, M. Rees, G. J. Poston, et al., “Guidelines for resection of colorectal cancer liver metastases,” Gut, vol. 55, supplement 3, pp. iii1–iii8, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed
7. R. Stangl, A. Altendorf-Hofmann, R. M. Charnley, and J. Scheele, “Factors influencing the natural history of colorectal liver metastases,” Lancet, vol. 343, no. 8910, pp. 1405–1410, 1994. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
8. L. M. Pedersen and N. Milman, “Prognostic significance of thrombocytosis in patients with primary lung cancer,” European Respiratory Journal, vol. 9, no. 9, pp. 1826–1830, 1996.
9. M. Ikeda, H. Furukawa, H. Imamura, et al., “Poor prognosis associated with thrombocytosis in patients with gastric cancer,” Annals of Surgical Oncology, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 287–291, 2002. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
10. E. Hernandez, M. Lavine, C. J. Dunton, E. Gracely, and J. Parker, “Poor prognosis associated with thrombocytosis in patients with cervical cancer,” Cancer, vol. 69, no. 12, pp. 2975–2977, 1992. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
11. J. T. Kerpsack and M. A. Finan, “Thrombocytosis as a predictor of malignancy in women with a pelvic mass,” Journal of Reproductive Medicine, vol. 45, no. 11, pp. 929–932, 2000.
12. M. Monreal, J. Fernandez-Llamazares, M. Piñol, et al., “Platelet count and survival in patients with colorectal cancer—a preliminary study,” Thrombosis and Haemostasis, vol. 79, no. 5, pp. 916–918, 1998.
13. H. Shimada, G. Oohira, S.-I. Okazumi, et al., “Thrombocytosis associated with poor prognosis in patients with esophageal carcinoma,” Journal of the American College of Surgeons, vol. 198, no. 5, pp. 737–741, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed
14. K. M. Brown, C. Domin, G. V. Aranha, S. Yong, and M. Shoup, “Increased preoperative platelet count is associated with decreased survival after resection for adenocarcinoma of the pancreas,” American Journal of Surgery, vol. 189, no. 3, pp. 278–282, 2005. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed
15. R. A. Smith, L. Bosonnet, M. Raraty, et al., “Preoperative platelet-lymphocyte ratio is an independent significant prognostic marker in resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma,” American Journal of Surgery, vol. 197, no. 4, pp. 466–472, 2009.
16. H. W. Bruckner, P. T. Lavin, S. C. Plaxe, J. A. Storch, and E. M. Livstone, “Absolute granulocyte, lymphocyte, and monocyte counts. Useful determinants of prognosis for patients with metastatic cancer of the stomach,” Journal of the American Medical Association, vol. 247, no. 7, pp. 1004–1006, 1982. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
17. H. E. Ownby, L. D. Roi, R. R. Isenberg, and M. J. Brennan, “Peripheral lymphocyte and eosinophil counts as indicators of prognosis in primary breast cancer,” Cancer, vol. 52, no. 1, pp. 126–130, 1983.
18. A. B. C. Crumley, D. C. McMillan, M. McKernan, J. J. Going, C. J. Shearer, and R. C. Stuart, “An elevated C-reactive protein concentration, prior to surgery, predicts poor cancer-specific survival in patients undergoing resection for gastro-oesophageal cancer,” British Journal of Cancer, vol. 94, no. 11, pp. 1568–1571, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed
19. T. Nozoe, T. Matsumata, M. Kitamura, and K. Sugimachi, “Significance of preoperative elevation of serum C-reactive protein as an indicator for prognosis in colorectal cancer,” American Journal of Surgery, vol. 176, no. 4, pp. 335–338, 1998. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
20. V. K. H. Wong, H. Z. Malik, Z. Z. R. Hamady, et al., “C-reactive protein as a predictor of prognosis following curative resection for colorectal liver metastases,” British Journal of Cancer, vol. 96, no. 2, pp. 222–225, 2007. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed
21. D. G. Altman, B. Lausen, W. Sauerbrei, and M. Schumacher, “Dangers of using “optimal” cutpoints in the evaluation of prognostic factors,” Journal of the National Cancer Institute, vol. 86, no. 11, pp. 829–835, 1994.
22. P. Peduzzi, J. Concato, E. Kemper, T. R. Holford, and A. R. Feinstem, “A simulation study of the number of events per variable in logistic regression analysis,” Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, vol. 49, no. 12, pp. 1373–1379, 1996. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
23. B. Nordlinger, M. Guiguet, J.-C. Vaillant, et al., “Surgical resection of colorectal carcinoma metastases to the liver: a prognostic scoring system to improve case selection, based on 1568 patients,” Cancer, vol. 77, no. 7, pp. 1254–1262, 1996. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
24. Y. Fong, J. Fortner, R. L. Sun, M. F. Brennan, and L. H. Blumgart, “Clinical score for predicting recurrence after hepatic resection for metastatic colorectal cancer: analysis of 1001 consecutive cases,” Annals of Surgery, vol. 230, no. 3, pp. 309–321, 1999. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
25. E. G. Elias, J. M. Leuchten, B. S. Buda, and S. D. Brown, “Prognostic value of initial mononucleated cell percentages in patients with epidermoid carcinoma of the head and neck,” American Journal of Surgery, vol. 152, no. 5, pp. 487–490, 1986.
26. J. P. Geisler, G. A. Miller, J. R. Broshears, and K. J. Manahan, “Vascular endothelial growth factor staining and elevated INR in advanced epithelial ovarian carcinoma,” Journal of Surgical Oncology, vol. 96, no. 6, pp. 514–517, 2007. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed
27. A. Sasaki, S. Kai, Y. Endo, et al., “Prognostic value of preoperative peripheral blood monocyte count in patients with colorectal liver metastasis after liver resection,” Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery, vol. 11, no. 5, pp. 596–602, 2007. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed
28. M. Z. Wojtukiewicz, E. Sierko, P. Klement, and J. Rak, “The hemostatic system and angiogenesis in malignancy,” Neoplasia, vol. 3, no. 5, pp. 371–384, 2001. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
29. J. Folkman, “Tumor angiogenesis: therapeutic implications,” New England Journal of Medicine, vol. 285, no. 21, pp. 1182–1186, 1971.
30. J. Holash, P. C. Maisonpierre, D. Compton, et al., “Vessel cooption, regression, and growth in tumors mediated by angiopoietins and VEGF,” Science, vol. 284, no. 5422, pp. 1994–1998, 1999. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
31. P. Carmeliet, “Mechanisms of angiogenesis and arteriogenesis,” Nature Medicine, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 389–395, 2000. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed
32. J. Rak, J. Filmus, and R. S. Kerbel, “Reciprocal paracrine interactions between tumour cells and endothelial cells: the ‘angiogenesis progression’ hypothesis,” European Journal of Cancer Part A, vol. 32, no. 14, pp. 2438–2450, 1996. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
33. D. Hanahan and J. Folkman, “Patterns and emerging mechanisms of the angiogenic switch during tumorigenesis,” Cell, vol. 86, no. 3, pp. 353–364, 1996. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
34. J. Folkman, “What is the evidence that tumors are angiogenesis dependent?” Journal of the National Cancer Institute, vol. 82, no. 1, pp. 4–6, 1990.
35. L. M. Coussens, W. W. Raymond, G. Bergers, et al., “Inflammatory mast cells up-regulate angiogenesis during squamous epithelial carcinogenesis,” Genes and Development, vol. 13, no. 11, pp. 1382–1397, 1999.
36. P. J. Polverini, R. S. Cotran, M. A. Gimbrone Jr., and E. R. Unanue, “Activated macrophages induce vascular proliferation,” Nature, vol. 269, no. 5631, pp. 804–806, 1977.
37. N. Ferrara, “Vascular endothelial growth factor: molecular and biological aspects,” Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol. 237, pp. 1–30, 1999.
38. H. M. Pinedo, H. M. W. Verheul, R. J. D'Amato, and J. Folkman, “Involvement of platelets in tumour angiogenesis?” Lancet, vol. 352, no. 9142, pp. 1775–1777, 1998.
39. T. Browder, J. Folkman, and S. Pirie-Shepherd, “The hemostatic system as a regulator of angiogenesis,” Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 275, no. 3, pp. 1521–1524, 2000. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
40. Y. Takahashi, C. D. Bucana, Y. Akagi, et al., “Significance of platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor in the angiogenesis of human gastric cancer,” Clinical Cancer Research, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 429–434, 1998.
41. M. L. George, S. A. Eccles, M. G. Tutton, A. M. Abulafi, and R. I. Swift, “Correlation of plasma and serum vascular endothelial growth factor levels with platelet count in colorectal cancer: clinical evidence of platelet scavenging?” Clinical Cancer Research, vol. 6, no. 8, pp. 3147–3152, 2000.
42. P. Salven, A. Orpana, and H. Joensuu, “Leukocytes and platelets of patients with cancer contain high levels of vascular endothelial growth factor,” Clinical Cancer Research, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 487–491, 1999.
43. E. Gunsilius, A. Petzer, G. Stockhammer, et al., “Thrombocytes are the major source for soluble vascular endothelial growth factor in peripheral blood,” Oncology, vol. 58, no. 2, pp. 169–174, 2000.
44. C. J. Engel, S. T. Bennett, A. F. Chambers, G. S. Doig, N. Kerkvliet, and F. P. O' Malley, “Tumor angiogenesis predicts recurrence in invasive colorectal cancer when controlled for dukes staging,” American Journal of Surgical Pathology, vol. 20, no. 10, pp. 1260–1265, 1996. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
45. T.-T. Tan and L. M. Coussens, “Humoral immunity, inflammation and cancer,” Current Opinion in Immunology, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 209–216, 2007. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed
46. Y. J. Chua and D. Cunningham, “Neoadjuvant treatment of unresectable liver metastases from colorectal cancer,” Clinical Colorectal Cancer, vol. 5, no. 6, pp. 405–412, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar