Review Article
Bile Duct Leaks from the Intrahepatic Biliary Tree: A Review of Its Etiology, Incidence, and Management
Table 1
Bile leaks following surgery for Hydatid cysts of liver.
| Number | Author | N = | Bile leaks | Presentation | Management | Comments |
| (1) | Agarwal et al. [12] | 86 | 14 (16%) | Bile cutaneous fistula 11; biloma 3 | Spontaneous closure in 11; ERCP in 3 | All leaks in conservative surgery group | (2) | Puliga et al. [13] | 232 | 27 (11.6%) | ā | ā | 25.2% leaks in conservative; 2.8% in radical | (3) | Unalp et al. [14] | 183 | 24 (13.1%) | 17 low output; 7 high output | 17 spontaneous closure; 7 ERCP | All conservative surgery | (4) | Silva et al. [15] | 30 | 7 (23.3%) | Bilio cutaneous fistula 7 | Drainage alone | 29 conservative; 1 radical | (5) | Skroubis et al. [18] | 187 | 18 (10%) | 3 bilomas; 1 bile peritonitis, 14 biliary fistulas (1 bronchobiliary) | 13 drainage alone; 5 ERCP (including broncho biliary) | All conservative surgery |
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