The Association between Survival and the Pathologic Features of Periampullary Tumors Varies over Time

Table 1

Clinicopathologic characteristics stratified by survival at one and three years.

Covariate	1 year				3 years
	Overall	Alive	Dead	𝑃	Overall	Alive	Dead	𝑃
Age (years)
Median	69	68	71	0.014	69	67.5	70	0.064
Range	28–87	28–87	30–87		28–87	28–87	30–87
Gender
Male	106	82	24	0.143	97	42	55	0.279
Female	101	69	32		90	32	58
Tumor size (cm)
Median	2.75	2.5	3.2	0.001	2.75	2.3	3	<0.001
Range	0.4–8.5	0.4–6.5	1–8.5		0.4–8.5	0.4–5.2	0.8–8.5
Margins
Negative	146	116	30	0.001	130	64	66	<0.001
Positive	61	35	26		57	10	47
Lymphovascular invasion
Negative	101	81	20	0.022	93	53	40	<0.001
Positive	106	70	36		94	21	73
Perineural invasion
Negative	70	60	10	0.003	62	41	21	<0.001
Positive	137	91	46		125	33	92
Overall LN status
Negative	74	63	11	0.003	67	45	22	<0.001
Positive	133	88	45		120	29	91
Positive LN
Median	1	1	3	<0.001	1	0	2	<0.001
Range	0–21	0–18	0–21		0–21	0–11	0–21
Total LN assessed
Median	19	19	19	0.598	19	18.5	19	0.656
Range	1–45	1–45	4–41		1–45	4–45	1–41
LNR
Median	0.077	0.056	0.141	<0.001	0.077	0	0.118	<0.001
Range	0-1	0-1	0–0.75		0-1	0–0.733	0-1

LN: lymph nodes; LNR (lymph node ratio) = (number of positive LN)/(total LN removed) * 100.