Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Volume 2010 (2010), Article ID 350763, 7 pages
doi:10.1155/2010/350763
Research Article
Malaria, Intestinal Helminths and Other Risk Factors for Stillbirth in Ghana
Nelly J. Yatich,
1 Ellen Funkhouser,
2 John E. Ehiri,
3 Tsiri Agbenyega,
4 Jonathan K. Stiles,
5 Julian C. Rayner,
6 Archer Turpin,
7 William O. Ellis,
8 Yi Jiang,
1 Jonathan H. Williams,
9 Evans Afriyie-Gwayu,
10 Timothy Phillips,
10 and
Pauline E. Jolly1
1Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294-0022, USA
2Division of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294-0022, USA
3Mel and Enid Zuckerman Collage of Public Health University
of Arizona 1295 N. Martin Avenue A256, Tucson, AZ, USA
4School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
5Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry & Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA
6Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294-0022, USA
7Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana
8Department of Biochemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
9College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA 30602, USA
10Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
Received 22 September 2009; Accepted 10 March 2010
Academic Editor: Bryan Larsen
Copyright © 2010 Nelly J. Yatich et al. This is an open access article distributed under the
Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Linked References
- J. E. Lawn, S. Cousens, and J. Zupan, “4 million neonatal deaths. When? Where? Why?” The Lancet, vol. 365, no. 9462, pp. 891–900, 2005. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
- C. Stanton, J. E. Lawn, H. Rahman, K. Wilczynska-Ketende, and K. Hill, “Stillbirth rates: delivering estimates in 190 countries,” The Lancet, vol. 367, no. 9521, pp. 1487–1494, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
- S. Cnattingius, B. Haglund, and M. S. Kramer, “Differences in late fetal death rates in association with determinants of small for gestational age fetuses: population based cohort study,” British Medical Journal, vol. 316, no. 7143, pp. 1483–1487, 1998. View at Scopus
- Population Reference Bureau, Evaluating Stillbirths. Improving Stillbirth Data Could Help Make Stillbirths a Visible Public Health Priority, Population Reference Bureau, 2006.
- J. Lawn, K. Shibuya, and C. Stein, “No cry at birth: global estimates of intrapartum stillbirths and intrapartum-related neonatal deaths,” Bulletin of the World Health Organization, vol. 83, no. 6, pp. 409–417, 2005. View at Scopus
- World Health Organization, Neonatal and Perinatal Mortality: Country, Regional and Global Estimates, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, 2006.
- C. Ronsmans, J. F. Etard, G. Walraven, et al., “Maternal mortality and access to obstetric services in West Africa,” Tropical Medicine and International Health, vol. 8, no. 10, pp. 940–948, 2003. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- E. M. McClure, M. Nalubamba-Phiri, and R. L. Goldenberg, “Stillbirth in developing countries,” International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics, vol. 94, no. 2, pp. 82–90, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
- R. L. Goldenberg and C. Thompson, “The infectious origins of stillbirth,” American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, vol. 189, no. 3, pp. 861–873, 2003. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- J. Zupan, “Perinatal mortality in developing countries,” New England Journal of Medicine, vol. 352, no. 20, pp. 2047–2048, 2005. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
- R. S. Gibbs, “The origins of stillbirth: infectious diseases,” Seminars in Perinatology, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 75–78, 2002. View at Scopus
- J. B. Hardy, E. N. Azarowicz, A. Mannini, D. N. Medaris, and R. E. Cooke, “The effect of Asian influenza on the outcome of pregnancy: Baltimore 1957-1958,” American Journal of Public Health, vol. 51, pp. 1182–1188, 1961.
- P. Horn, “Poliomyelitis in pregnancy: a twenty-year report from Los Angeles County, California,” Obstetrics and Gynecology, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 121–137, 1955. View at Scopus
- R. L. Goldenberg, J. C. Hauth, and W. W. Andrews, “Intrauterine infection and preterm delivery,” The New England Journal of Medicine, vol. 342, pp. 1500–1507, 2003.
- R. W. Steketee, J. J. Wirima, L. Slutsker, D. L. Heymann, and J. G. Breman, “The problem of malaria and malaria control in pregnancy in sub-Saharan Africa,” American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, vol. 55, no. 1, pp. 2–7, 1996. View at Scopus
- A. M. Moormann, A. D. Sullivan, R. A. Rochford, et al., “Malaria and pregnancy: placental cytokine expression and its relationship to intrauterine growth retardation,” Journal of Infectious Diseases, vol. 180, no. 6, pp. 1987–1993, 1999. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
- E. K. Dorman, C. E. Shulman, J. Kingdom, et al., “Impaired uteroplacental blood flow in pregnancies complicated by falciparum malaria,” Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 165–170, 2002. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
- R. Ndyomugyenyi, N. Kabatereine, A. Olsen, and P. Magnussen, “Malaria and hookworm infections in relation to haemoglobin and serum ferritin levels in pregnancy in Masindi district, western Uganda,” Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, vol. 102, no. 2, pp. 130–136, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
- L. Drake, Y. Korchev, L. Bashford, et al., “The major secreted product of the whipworm, Trichuris, is a pore-forming protein,” Proceedings of the Royal Society B, vol. 257, no. 1350, pp. 255–261, 1994. View at Scopus
- D. Watson-Jones, H. A. Weiss, J. M. Changalucha, et al., “Adverse birth outcomes in United Republic of Tanzania—impact and prevention of maternal risk factors,” Bulletin of the World Health Organization, vol. 85, no. 1, pp. 9–18, 2007. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- F. E. Viteri, “The consequences of iron deficiency and anemia in pregnancy,” Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol. 352, pp. 127–139, 1994. View at Scopus
- I. Chanarin, The Megaloblastic Anaemias, Blackwell, London, UK, 1969.
- N. R. de Silva, S. Brooker, P. J. Hotez, A. Montresor, D. Engels, and L. Savioli, “Soil-transmitted helminth infections: updating the global picture,” Trends in Parasitology, vol. 19, no. 12, pp. 547–551, 2003. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- D. H. S. Measures, Demographic Health Survey; Ghana, 2003, Macro International Inc, Calverton, Md, USA, 2004.
- L. A. Ronald, S. L. Kenny, E. Klinkenberg, et al., “Malaria and anaemia among children in two communities of Kumasi, Ghana: a cross-sectional survey,” Malaria Journal, vol. 5, article 105, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed
- L. S. Garcia, Diagnostic Medical Parasitology, ASM Press, Washington, DC, USA, 2001.
- J. G. Ayisi, A. M. van Eijk, F. O. ter Kuile, et al., “The effect of dual infection with HIV and malaria on pregnancy outcome in western Kenya,” AIDS, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 585–594, 2003. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- World Health Organization, Development of Indicators for Monitoring Progress towards Health for All by the Year 2000, Health for All Series, vol. 4, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, 1981.
- A. M. Tang, N. M. H. Graham, R. K. Chandra, and A. J. Saah, “Low serum vitamin B-12 concentrations are associated with faster human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) disease progression,” Journal of Nutrition, vol. 127, no. 2, pp. 345–351, 1997. View at Scopus
- Department of Reproductive Health Research, World Health Organization, Guidelines Overview Safe Motherhood Needs Assessment, WHO Publication, no. WHO/RHT/MSM/96.18 Rev.1, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, 2001.
- World Health Organization, Manual of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases, Injuries and Causes of Death Volume I, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, 1967.
- D. Hosmer and S. Lemeshow, Applied Logistic Regression, Wiley Series in Probability and Statistics, John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY, USA, 2nd edition, 2000.
- S. D. Mario, L. Say, and O. Lincetto, “Risk factors for stillbirth in developing countries: a systemic review of literature,” Sexually Transmitted Diseases, vol. 34, pp. S11–S21, 2007.
- J.-P. van Geertruyden, F. Thomas, A. Erhart, and U. D'Alessandro, “The contribution of malaria in pregnancy to perinatal mortality,” American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, vol. 71, no. 2, pp. 35–40, 2004. View at Scopus
- T. W. Gyorkos, R. Larocque, M. Casapia, and E. Gotuzzo, “Lack of risk of adverse birth outcomes after deworming in pregnant women,” Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, vol. 25, no. 9, pp. 791–794, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
- A. F. Fleming, “Tropical obstetrics and gynaecology. 1. Anaemia in pregnancy in tropical Africa,” Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, vol. 83, no. 4, pp. 441–448, 1989. View at Scopus
- A. F. Fleming, “The etiology of severe malaria in pregnancy in Ndola, Zambia,” Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, vol. 83, pp. 37–49, 1989.
- P. J. Hotez, S. Brooker, J. M. Bethony, M. E. Bottazzi, A. Loukas, and S. Xiao, “Hookworm infection,” New England Journal of Medicine, vol. 351, no. 8, pp. 799–807, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
- T. W. Mwangi, J. M. Bethony, and S. Brooker, “Malaria and helminth interactions in humans: an epidemiological viewpoint,” Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, vol. 100, no. 7, pp. 551–570, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
- C. Giles, “An account of 335 cases of megaloblastic anaemia of pregnancy and the puerperium,” Journal of Clinical Pathology, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 1–11, 1966. View at Scopus
- N. J. Ainley, “Megaloblastic anaemia of pregnancy and the puerperium,” The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the British Empire, vol. 68, pp. 254–263, 1961.
- United Nations Secretariat, Population Policy Data Bank, Population Division of the Department for Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, 1999.
- J. Visintine, V. Berghella, D. Henning, and J. Baxter, “Cervical length for prediction of preterm birth in women with multiple prior induced abortions,” Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology, vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 198–200, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at PubMed · View at Scopus
- A. Molin, “Risk of damage to the cervix by dilatation for first-trimester-induced abortion by suction aspiration,” Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation, vol. 35, no. 3, pp. 152–154, 1993. View at Scopus
- S. Cnattingius and O. Stephansson, “The epidemiology of stillbirth,” Seminars in Perinatology, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 25–30, 2002. View at Scopus
- S. Cnattingius, H. W. Berendes, and M. R. Forman, “Do delayed childbearers face increased risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes after the first birth?” Obstetrics and Gynecology, vol. 81, no. 4, pp. 512–516, 1993.
- A. Samueloff, E. M. J. Xenakis, M. D. Berkus, R. W. Huff, and O. Langer, “Recurrent stillbirth: significance and characteristics,” Journal of Reproductive Medicine, vol. 38, no. 11, pp. 883–886, 1993. View at Scopus
- S. Heinonen and P. Kirkinen, “Pregnancy outcome after previous stillbirth resulting from causes other than maternal conditions and fetal abnormalities,” Birth, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 33–37, 2000. View at Scopus