Prevalence and Risk Factors for Bacterial Vaginosis and Other Vulvovaginitis in a Population of Sexually Active Adolescents from Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
Table 1
Sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics of the study population, stratified by the presence or absence of bacterial vaginosis or genital Candida albicans infection.
Bacterial vaginosis†
Candida albicans §
Negative ()
Positive ()
Negative ()
Positive ()
Age (years)
0.88
0.49
Ethnic group
1
1
Nonwhite
91
73 (91.2)
18 (90)
71 (91)
20 (90.9)
White
9
7 (8.8)
2 (10)
7 (9)
2 (9.1)
Conjugal status
0.54
1
Married/living together
80
65 (81.2)
15 (75)
16 (20.5)
18 (81.8)
Single
20
15 (18.8)
5 (25)
62 (79.5)
4 (18.2)
Family income (minimum wages)¶
0.64
1
1
49
40 (50)
9 (45)
38 (48.7)
11 (50)
2 to 4
47
37 (46.3)
10 (50)
36 (46.2)
11 (50)
≥5
3
2 (2.5)
1 (5)
3 (3.8)
0
Education¶
0.28
0.28
9 years (primary/intermediate)
44
33 (41.3)
11 (55)
31 (41)
12 (54.5)
≥9 years (secondary/higher)
55
46 (57.5)
9 (45)
45 (57.7)
10 (45.5)
Alcohol, tobacco, and illegal drug use
52
37 (46.3)
15 (75)
0.02*
42 (53.8)
10 (45.5)
0.48
Age at menarche (years)‡
0.55
0.67
Age at first sexual intercourse (years)
0.24
0.80
≤14
34
25 (31.3)
9 (45)
27 (34.6)
7 (31.8)
≥15
66
55 (68.8)
11 (55)
51 (65.4)
15 (68.2)
Sexual abuse
3
2 (2.5)
1 (5)
0.49
3 (3.8)
0
1
Contraceptive use
41
33 (41.3)
8 (40)
0.91
33 (42.3)
8 (36.4)
0.61
Condom use
0.84
0.75
Never/sometimes
53
42 (52.5)
11 (55)
42 (53.8)
11 (50)
Always/Almost always
47
38 (47.5)
9 (45)
36 (46.2)
11 (50)
Number of sexual partners¶
0.01*
0.18
1
55
49 (61.3)
6 (30)
39 (50)
16 (72.7)
2 to 4
37
26 (32.5)
11 (55)
32 (41)
5 (22.7)
≥5
7
4 (5)
3 (15)
6 (7.7)
1 (4.5)
Data are presented as mean ± SD (standard deviation) for numeric variables and (%) for categorical variables. A value ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. The Nugent criteria was used for diagnosis. Vaginal and/or endocervical. ¶Data was available for 99 subjects. One minimal wage is approximately 330 US Dollars. The specific age at menarche was available for 59 subjects, being ≤16 for all participants.
