Determinants of Symptomatic Vulvovaginal Candidiasis among Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infected Women in Rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Table 3

Determinants of symptomatic vulvovaginal candidiasis among HIV-infected women.

Independent variables	𝐵 Coefficient	Standard error	Wald chi-square	OR; (95% CI)	𝑃 value
CD4+ T cell groups
<200 cells	4.1	0.971	17.847	60.3 (9–134.8)	<0.0001
200–349 cells	2.186	0.901	5.886	8.9 (1.5–17.36)	0.015
≥350 cells			Referent	1
Vaginal Flora (Nugent’s scores)
less than 7 (BV negative)	3.143	0.954	10.844	23.2 (3.6–50.13)	<0.001
≥7 (BV positive)			Referent	1
Therapy groups
Patients not receiving antiretroviral therapy	1.251	0.573	4.768	3.5 (1.1–10.7)	0.029
Patients on antiretroviral therapy			Referent	1
Constant	−3.13	0.904	11.981		<0.001

Adjusted for previous history of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), presence of current STIs, history of condom use, pregnancy, and presenting symptoms.