About this Journal Submit a Manuscript Table of Contents 
International Journal of Agronomy
Volume 2012 (2012), Article ID 514765, 7 pages
doi:10.1155/2012/514765
Research Article

Management Options and Factors Affecting Control of a Common Waterhemp (Amaranthus rudis) Biotype Resistant to Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase-Inhibiting Herbicides

Dana B. Harder,1 Kelly A. Nelson,2 and Reid J. Smeda3

1Production and Processing Technology, Syngenta Seeds Inc., Washington, IA 52353, USA
2Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Novelty, MO 63460, USA
3Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA

Received 14 June 2012; Revised 14 July 2012; Accepted 17 July 2012

Academic Editor: Patrick J. Tranel

Copyright © 2012 Dana B. Harder et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Linked References

  1. M. J. Horak and T. M. Loughin, “Growth analysis of four Amaranthus species,” Weed Science, vol. 48, no. 3, pp. 347–355, 2000. View at Scopus
  2. L. M. Wax, “Pigweeds of the Midwest: distribution, importance and management,” in Proceedings of the Intergrated Crop Management Conference, vol. 7, pp. 239–242, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA, 1995.
  3. M. Warmund, “Worst weeds 2010,” http://ppp.missouri.edu/newsletters/meg/archives/v16n11/a2.pdf, 2010.
  4. D. D. Buhler, K. A. Kohler, and R. L. Thompson, “Weed seed bank dynamics during a five-year crop rotation,” Weed Technology, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 170–176, 2001. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
  5. D. D. Buhler and R. G. Hartzler, “Emergence and persistence of seed of velvetleaf, common waterhemp, woolly cupgrass, and giant foxtail,” Weed Science, vol. 49, no. 2, pp. 230–235, 2001. View at Scopus
  6. R. G. Hartzler, D. D. Buhler, and D. E. Stoltenberg, “Emergence characteristics of four annual weed species,” Weed Science, vol. 47, no. 5, pp. 578–584, 1999. View at Scopus
  7. J. C. Cordes and W. G. Johnson, “Common waterhemp interference in corn,” in Proceedings of the North Central Weed Science Society, vol. 56, p. 132, 2001.
  8. A. G. Hager, L. M. Wax, E. W. Stoller, and G. A. Bollero, “Common waterhemp (Amaranthus rudis) interference in soybean,” Weed Science, vol. 50, no. 5, pp. 607–610, 2002. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  9. A. G. Hager, W. L. Patzoldt, and P. J. Tranel, “Confirmation of PPO-inhibitor resistance in an Illinois waterhemp population,” in Proceedings of the North Central Weed Science Society, vol. 57, p. 71, 2002.
  10. M. J. Foes, L. Liu, P. J. Tranel, L. M. Wax, and E. W. Stoller, “A biotype of common waterhemp (Amaranthus rudis) resistant to triazine and ALS herbicides,” Weed Science, vol. 46, no. 5, pp. 514–520, 1998. View at Scopus
  11. A. S. Franssen, D. Z. Skinner, K. Al-Khatib, M. J. Horak, and P. A. Kulakow, “Interspecific hybridization and gene flow of ALS resistance in Amaranthus species,” Weed Science, vol. 49, no. 5, pp. 598–606, 2001. View at Scopus
  12. D. E. Shoup, K. Al-Khatib, and D. E. Peterson, “Common waterhemp (Amaranthus rudis) resistance to protoporphyrinogen oxidase-inhibiting herbicides,” Weed Science, vol. 51, no. 2, pp. 145–150, 2003. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  13. D. K. Wetzel, M. J. Horak, D. Z. Skinner, and P. A. Kulakow, “Transferal of herbicide resistance traits from Amaranthus palmeri to Amaranthus rudis,” Weed Science, vol. 47, no. 5, pp. 538–543, 1999. View at Scopus
  14. D. D. Anderson, F. W. Roeth, and A. R. Martin, “Occurrence and control of triazine-resistant common waterhemp (Amaranthus rudis) in field corn (Zea mays),” Weed Technology, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 570–575, 1996. View at Scopus
  15. J. R. R. Hinz and M. D. K. Owen, “Acetolactate synthase resistance in a common waterhemp (Amaranthus rudis) population,” Weed Technology, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 13–18, 1997. View at Scopus
  16. C. L. Sprague, E. W. Stoller, L. M. Wax, and M. J. Horak, “Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) and common waterhemp (Amaranthus rudis) resistance to selected ALS-inhibiting herbicides,” Weed Science, vol. 45, no. 2, pp. 192–197, 1997. View at Scopus
  17. J. Li, R. J. Smeda, K. A. Nelson, and F. E. Dayan, “Physiological basis for resistance to diphenyl ether herbicides in common waterhemp (Amaranthus rudis),” Weed Science, vol. 52, no. 3, pp. 333–338, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  18. S. O. Duke, “Protoporphyrinogen oxidase-inhibiting herbicides,” Weed Science, vol. 39, pp. 465–473, 1991.
  19. M. Z. Huang, K. L. Huang, Y. G. Ren et al., “Synthesis and herbicidal activity of 2-(7-fluoro-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H- benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-6-yl)isoindoline-1,3-diones,” Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, vol. 53, no. 20, pp. 7908–7914, 2005. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  20. H. J. Lee and S. O. Duke, “Protoporphyrinogen IX-oxidizing activities involved in the mode of action of peroxidizing herbicides,” Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, vol. 42, no. 11, pp. 2610–2618, 1994. View at Scopus
  21. U. B. Nandihalli, “Quantitative structure-activity relationships of protoporphyrinogen oxidase-inhibiting diphenyl ether herbicides,” Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, vol. 43, no. 3, pp. 193–211, 1992. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  22. W. H. Ahrens, Ed., Herbicide Handbook, Weed Science Society of America, Champaign, Ill, USA, 8th edition, 2002.
  23. C. M. Mayo, M. J. Horak, D. E. Peterson, and J. E. Boyer, “Differential control of four Amaranthus species by six postemergence herbicides in soybean (Glycine max),” Weed Technology, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 141–147, 1995. View at Scopus
  24. J. K. Sweat, M. J. Horak, D. E. Peterson, R. W. Lloyd, and J. E. Boyer, “Herbicide efficacy on four Amaranthus species in soybean (Glycine max),” Weed Technology, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 315–321, 1998. View at Scopus
  25. T. R. Legleiter and K. W. Bradley, “Glyphosate and multiple herbicide resistance in common waterhemp (Amaranthus rudis) populations from Missouri,” Weed Science, vol. 56, no. 4, pp. 582–587, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  26. N. E. Humberg, Ed., Herbicide Handbook, Weed Science Society of America, Champaign, Ill, USA, 6th edition, 1989.
  27. D. E. Shoup, K. Al-Khatib, and D. E. Peterson, “Control of protox-resistant common waterhemp in corn and soybean,” in Proceedings of the North Central Weed Science Society, vol. 57, p. 16, 2002.
  28. J. S. Falk, D. E. Shoup, K. Al-Khatib, and D. E. Peterson, “Protox-resistant common waterhemp (Amaranthus rudis) response to herbicides applied at different growth stages,” Weed Science, vol. 54, no. 4, pp. 793–799, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  29. B. A. Sellers, R. J. Smeda, W. G. Johnson, J. A. Kendig, and M. R. Ellersieck, “Comparative growth of six Amaranthus species in Missouri,” Weed Science, vol. 51, no. 3, pp. 329–333, 2003. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  30. N. E. Hausman, S. Singh, P. J. Tranel et al., “Resistance to HPPD-inhibiting herbicides in a population of waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus) from Illinois, United States,” Pest Management Science, vol. 67, no. 3, pp. 258–261, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  31. W. L. Patzoldt, P. J. Tranel, and A. G. Hager, “A waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus) biotype with multiple resistance across three herbicide sites of action,” Weed Science, vol. 53, no. 1, pp. 30–36, 2005. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus