Management of Vegetation by Alternative Practices in Fields and Roadsides

Table 6

End-of-season weed mass and visual indexing of treatments with alternative herbicides, mulches, burning, or conventional herbicides in field plot research with annual and perennial vegetation (Field Experiment  1).

Treatment^†	Weed mass, g fresh wt		Visual index rating^§
	Annual	Perennial	Annual	Perennial
Untreated	2,910	1,574	0	0
Clove oil	2,332	954	0.2	0.2
Pelargonic acid	2,360	774	0.3	0.3
Citric acid	2,340	808	0.5	0.4
Corn gluten meal	1,743	1,350	3.2	3.1
Mulch	32	208	9.3	9.3
Flaming	1,486	384	5.0	5.0
Glyphosate	638	741	7.0	7.0
Glufosinate ammonium	854	644	1.0	1.0
LSD	1,164	472	1.4	1.1

^†All treatments were applied on July 20 and July 21, 2005. Amounts of alternative herbicides, sources of citric acid, or kind of mulch had no significant effect on efficacy; hence, means of the applications are reported. See Table 1 for presentation of treatments.
^‡Weed fresh mass was measured on  September 28, 2005.
^§Visual rating index on September 23, 2005. See Table 3.