Rebuilding Soil Ecosystems for Improved Productivity in Biosolarized Soils

Table 3

Kale yield and quality measurements.

Treatment	Chlorophyll1; 12/01/17	Chlorophyll2; 12/20/17	Leaf yield (g)	Leaf yield/N applied	Survival (%)
B	46 c	71 abc	50 d	—	80
LB	47 c	69 abc	81 c	—	70
C50	55 ab	77 ab	105 bc	107 ab	87
LC50	57 ab	75 ab	126 b	128 a	70
C135	63 a	80 a	166 a	63 cd	90
LC135	62 a	79 a	177 a	67 cd	100
M50	47 c	67 c	54 cd	55 cd	38
LM50	50 bc	67 bc	69 cd	70 cd	27
M135	44 cd	61 cd	—	—	0
LM135	43 d	63 d	36 cd	14 e	22
Std. error	3.4	4.4	13.5	11.3	—

Treatments applied to biosolarized soils: bare control with no amendment and no LEM inoculant (B), bare with LEM inoculant (LB), compost at 50 kg·N·ha⁻¹ and at 135 N·ha⁻¹ with and without LEM (C50, C135, LC50, and LC135), respectively, and mineral fertilizer at 50 kg·N·ha⁻¹ and at 135 N·ha⁻¹ with and without LEM (M50, M135, LM50, LM135). Different letters indicate significant differences within columns (α = 0.10). Leaf Yield/N applied reported as g dried leaves g⁻¹ N applied to each pot. Survival indicates the % of plants that recuperated after a hard freeze in January 2018.