The Formal Seed System of Maize in Ethiopia: Implications for Reducing the Yield Gap

Table 2

Improved seed demand, utilization, and requirement of maize in Ethiopia.

Year	Improved seed demand (MT)	Improved seed used (MT)	Area of production (ha)	Improved seed requirement (MT)	Demand-to-requirement ratio (%)	Utilization-to-requirement ratio (%)	Utilization-to-demand ratio (%)
2013	45,600	17,210	2,013,045	50,326	90.6	34.2	37.7
2014	46,605	20,129	1,994,814	49,870	93.5	40.4	43.2
2015	49,255	23,381	2,110,209	52,755	93.4	44.3	47.5
2016	48,399	22,895	2,111,518	52,788	91.7	43.4	47.3
2017	50,226	30,522	2,192,572	54,814	91.6	55.7	60.8
2018	44,692	31,569	2,128,949	53,224	84	59.3	70.6
2019	39,210	NA	2,367,797	59,195	84.0	NA	0
2020	45,195	43,758	2,274,306	56,858	79.5	77.0	0.0
2021	63,897	52,000	2,526,212	63,155	101.2	82.3	81.4

Source: administrative data from the Ministry of Agriculture. Source: https://www.statsethiopia.gov.et/our-survey-reports/. Calculated based on the total area of maize production and the seed rate (25 kg per ha). NA, data not available for improved seed utilization. (), data for actual improved seed produced in the year.