Table 1: Comparative performance of different electrodes for dopamine determination.

Electrode Method Dynamic range (mmol L−1) LD (mol L−1) Reference ITO modified with LbL film from (PANI-PA/CG)6 CVa 0.01–0.23 1.5 × 10−8 This work ITO modified with LbL film from (PAH/Chichá gum/PAH/NiTsPcb)5 CV 0.3–250 1.05 × 10−5 [27] ITO modified with LbL film from ([PAMAM-MWCNTs]c/NiTsPc)3 CV 2.5 × 10−3–0.24 5.4 × 10−7 [28] GCEd/MWCNTs modified with LbL film from (Nafion/[PVI-dmeOs]e)3 DPVf 1.0 × 10−4–0.01 5.0 × 10−8 [29] GCE modified with poly(flavin adenine dinucleotide) CV 2.5 × 10−6–4.0 × 10−5 5.0 × 10−9 [30] ITO modified with LB film of (PANI/Rupyg)21 CV 0.04–1.2 4.0 × 10−5 [31] GCE modified with (LiTCNE/PLL)h membrane DPV 1.0 × 10−5–0.01 5.0 × 10−10 [32]

aCyclic voltammetry. bTetrasulfonated metallophthalocyanine of nickel. cPolyamidoamine-multiwalled carbon nanotubes. dGlassy carbon electrode. ePoly(vinylimidazole)-Os(4,4′-dimethylbpy)2Cl. fDifferential pulse voltammetry. gRuthenium complex mer-[RuCl3(dppb)(py)] (dppb = PPh2(CH2)4PPh2; (py) = pyridine). hLithium tetracyanoethylenide/poly-L-lysine.