Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers in Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus

Table 3

CSF biomarkers.

Protein	Abbreviation	Mean detection limit	Manufacturer
Neurofilament light chain	NFL	31 pg/mL	Uman Diagnostics, Umeå, Sweden
Total tau	t-tau	12 pg/mL	Invitrogen, Camarillo, Calif, USA
Phosphorylated tau181	p-tau181	10 pg/mL	Invitrogen, Camarillo, Calif, USA
Amyloid-𝛽1-42	A𝛽42	10 pg/mL	Invitrogen, Camarillo, Calif, USA
Tumour necrosis factor α	TNF-α	0.106 pg/mL	Quantikine HS, R&D Systems,; Minneapolis, Minn, USA
Transforming growth factor β1	TGFβ1	4.61 pg/mL	Quantikine HS, R&D Systems,; Minneapolis, Minn, USA
Vascular endothelial growth factor-165	VEGF	5 pg/mL	Invitrogen, Camarillo, Calif, USA

NFL: neurofilament light chain, t-tau: total tau, p-tau₁₈₁: phosphorylated tau₁₈₁, A𝛽₄₂: amyloid-𝛽_1-42, TNF-α: tumour necrosis factor-α, TGFβ1: transforming growth factor β1, and VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor.