Chinese-Language Montreal Cognitive Assessment for Cantonese or Mandarin Speakers: Age, Education, and Gender Effects

Table 4

Comparison of education, gender, test language, and MoCA-ChLA score among the three age groups.

Variables	Age; 50–59 years; (n = 584)	Age; 60–74 years; (n = 467)	Age; 75–100 years; (n = 141)	P value^1	Adjusted P value^2
Education in years, mean ± SD	11.4 ± 3.6	11.9 ± 4.2	12 ± 4.4	0.06
Female, no. (%)	384 (65.8)	280 (60.0)	70 (49.6)	0.001
Testing language, no. (%)
Cantonese	301 (51.5)	233 (49.9)	41 (29.1)	<0.0001
Mandarin	283 (48.5)	230 (49.3)	99 (70.2)
Taiwanese	0 (0)	4 (0.9)	1 (0.7)
Unadjusted MoCA, mean ± SD	24.4 ± 3.8	23.9 ± 4.2	21.3 ± 5.1	<0.0001
Adjusted MoCA^2, lsmean ± SE	23.6 ± 0.6	22.8 ± 0.6	20.1 ± 0.6		<0.0001

¹P value obtained from Kruskal-Wallis test for continuous variables, from Chi-square test for gender, from Fisher exact test for testing language.
²P value obtained from nonparametric analysis of covariance with adjustment for education, gender, and testing language.