Vaccine Development to Treat Alzheimer’s Disease Neuropathology in APP/PS1 Transgenic Mice

Figure 4

Association of neurofibrillary tangle-like structures with activated microglia, A𝛽 deposits, and B cells in B6C3F1/J mouse brains. Photomicrographs of transverse sections of hippocampal brain regions of 11-month-old double-transgenic APP/PS1 mice show codistribution of immunofluorescent reactivity to NFTs, Aβ, and GFAP. ((a)–(a′′)): Photomicrographs of transverse brain sections at the hippocampus show immunofluorescence to Aβ (red), NFTs (green), and merged channels (yellow). Note some double-labeled sparse plaques (colocalization showed by white arrows) immunofluorescence to both Aβ/NFTs antibodies (yellow) at the molecular layer of the dentate gyrus (a′′). ((b)–(b′′)): Photomicrographs of transverse brain sections at hippocampus show immunofluorescence to CD45-B cells (red), NFTs (green), and merged channels (yellow). Note some codistribution of B cells and NFTs (yellow) in this region (white arrow in (b′′)) where NFTs (white arrow in (b′)) are surrounded by some B cells (white arrows in (b)). ((c)–(c′′)): Photomicrographs of transverse brain sections at hippocampus show immunofluorescence to GFAP (red), NFTs (green), and merged channels (yellow). Note glial cells (white arrows in (c)) surrounding the NFTs (white arrows in (c′)) at the dentate gyrus, although no colocalization (yellow) was observed (c′′). For abbreviations, see list. Scale bar: 100 μm.