Microglial Amyloid-𝜷1-40 Phagocytosis Dysfunction Is Caused by High-Mobility Group Box Protein-1: Implications for the Pathological Progression of Alzheimer’s Disease : Figure 2

Figure 2: Effect of exogenous HMGB1 on microglial A phagocytosis analyzed by laser confocal microscopy. Rat microglia were incubated with the vehicle (a), HMGB1 (b), A42 (c), A42 and HMGB1 (d), A40 (e), or A40 and HMGB1 (f) for 12 h. Fixed cells were further incubated with the anti-A antibody (red), anti-HMGB1 antibody (green), and Hoechst 33258 (dye for nuclei; blue); they were analyzed using a laser scanning confocal microscope. DIC: differential interference contrast. Scale bar = 20 μm for all panels.