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International Journal of Antennas and Propagation
Volume 2012 (2012), Article ID 390280, 8 pages
doi:10.1155/2012/390280
Advanced Techniques and Antenna Design for Pulse Shaping in UWB Cognitive Radio
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon
Received 12 October 2011; Accepted 24 January 2012
Academic Editor: Christos Christodoulou
Copyright © 2012 Lise Safatly et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Spectrum scarcity has emerged as a primary problem in the communications technology. The combination of cognitive radio (CR) and ultra-wideband impulse radio (UWB-IR) has been proposed to solve the shortage problem by allowing smart and adaptive spectrum management, leading to UWB-CR. In a UWB-CR scheme, secondary users are supposed to ensure interference avoidance by adaptively selecting the portions of the spectrum not being used by primary users. In this paper, three different techniques for the generation of adaptive UWB pulses are studied. The Parks-McClellan algorithm is employed, a neural network is trained, and a reconfigurable band stop filter is designed to generate an adaptive waveform with nulls at specific frequencies. Simulations, measurements, and analysis show that each generated UWB pulse has remarkable advantages in the frequency utilization, spectrum avoidance, and hardware implementation.