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| Figure | Antenna shape | Freq. | Reconfigurable feature | Cause of reconfigurability | Application |
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| 5(a) | Square patch with orthogonal slots and two pin diodes on the slots | 4.64 GHz | Polarization diversity (LHCP or RHCP) | By turning the diodes on or off, either RHCP or LHCP can be obtained with the same feeding probe, which is located on the diagonal line of the patch | WLANs, satellite links, and space robots |
| 5(b) | Square patch consisting of two orthogonal L-shaped slots with two pin diodes on the slots | 4.44 GHz and 4.49 GHz | Polarization diversity (LHCP or RHCP) | Reconfigurability is achieved by switching two pin diodes. In RHCP antenna, diode a is turned ON, and diode b is turned OFF; in LHCP antenna, diode b is turned ON, and diode a is turned OFF. | Unlicensed and licensed WiMax (IEEE 802.16a), future planetary missions, and satellite links |
| 5(c) | Square patch coupled to a microstrip line by an aperture in the ground plane | 2.45 GHz | Polarization diversity (LHCP or RHCP) | Reconfigurability is obtained by selecting one of two excitation points and terminating the other with a 50-resistive load. RHCP is obtained if the excitation point is located on Port 1, and LHCP is obtained if the antenna is fed at Port 2 | Not available |
| 5(d) | A circular patch rotates to feed different shapes. The rotating circular part includes three circular patches and one slotted triangle | Covers five different bands
(from 2 GHz up to 7 GHz) | Frequency diversity | Reconfigurability is achieved by rotational motion of part of the antenna patch. With every rotation, a different antenna structure is fed in order to produce a different set of resonant frequencies | Cognitive radio systems |
| 5(e) | Short-circuited triangular patch antenna with truncated corner having two shorting walls and a V-shaped slot patch | 2.5–2.55 GHz
and 3.4–3.7 GHz WiMax bands | Frequency diversity | By placing two shorting walls with a V-shaped slot patch, two resonant modes can be excited simultaneously, yielding frequency diversity | Covers 2.5–2.55 GHz
and 3.4 to 3.7 GHz WiMax bands |
| 5(f) | Two rectangular slots properly positioned along the diagonal of a square patch antenna | 5.15–5.35 GHz and 5.5 GHz | Frequency diversity and polarization diversity (LHCP or RHCP) | Positioning the slots along the left diagonal and right diagonal generates RHCP and LHCP, respectively | Can function as a rectenna for wireless battery charging at 5.5 GHz and data telemetry in the 5.15–5.35 GHz WLAN band |
| 5(g) | Square patch with two pin diodes on a U-slot along with two diodes on the truncated corners | 2.415 GHz
and 2.650 GHz | Frequency diversity and polarization diversity (LP, LHCP, or RHCP) | The switching of the PIN diode on the U-slot realizes frequency diversity and polarization diversity among LP, RHCP, and LHCP is obtained by switching three PIN diodes on the slot and the truncating corners of a square patch on and off | WLAN/digital multimedia broadcasting applications |
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