Design of High-Gain and Beam Steering Antennas Using a New Planar Folded-Line Metamaterial Structure

Table 1

Review of LHM structures.

LHM structure (3D)	Planar LHM structure (2D)
SSRR-TMW LHM [4, 5]	SSRR-TMW LHM [6]
= 5 GHz	= 9.6 GHz
Size: 8 × 8 × 8 mm^3~	Size: 4.55 × 5.05 mm^2~
shaped LHM [8]	shaped LHM [10]
= 8.35 GHz	= 13 GHz
Size: 4 × 4 × 4 mm^3~	Size: 3.3 × 4.1 mm^2~
	S shaped LHM [11]
	= 11 GHz
	Size: 5.2 × 2.8 mm^2~
	Our FL-LHM
	= 5.8 GHz
	Size: 4.3 × 4.3 mm^2~