Genetic Algorithms in Antennas and Smart Antennas  Design Overview: Two Novel Antenna Systems for Triband GNSS Applications and a Circular Switched Parasitic Array for WiMax Applications Developments with the Use of Genetic Algorithms

<table class="table-group" id="tab4"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="5"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td align="left">Frequencies</td><td align="center">VSWR</td><td align="center">Gain (dBi)</td><td align="center">Front-to-back ratio (dB)</td><td align="center">3 dB beamwidth</td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="5"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td align="left">L1 (1575 MHz)</td><td align="center">2.14</td><td align="center">8.8</td><td align="center">12.4</td><td align="center">56°</td></tr><tr><td align="left">L2 (1227 MHz)</td><td align="center">1.86</td><td align="center">7.6</td><td align="center">7.91</td><td align="center">82°</td></tr><tr><td align="left">L5 (1176 MHz)</td><td align="center">3.41</td><td align="center">8.3</td><td align="center">8.19</td><td align="center">71°</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="5"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

Properties of the proposed modified PIFA.

International Journal of Antennas and Propagation

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Table 4

Table 4: Genetic Algorithms in Antennas and Smart Antennas  Design Overview: Two Novel Antenna Systems for Triband GNSS Applications and a Circular Switched Parasitic Array for WiMax Applications Developments with the Use of Genetic Algorithms 

Table 4 | Genetic Algorithms in Antennas and Smart Antennas  Design Overview: Two Novel Antenna Systems for Triband GNSS Applications and a Circular Switched Parasitic Array for WiMax Applications Developments with the Use of Genetic Algorithms 